Years Ended December 31,
201720182019
%%%
Operating revenues100.0100.0100.0
Operating costs(81.9)(84.9)(85.6)
Gross profit18.115.114.4
Operating expenses
Sales and marketing(2.8)(2.6)(2.6)
General and administrative(2.8)(3.2)(3.6)
Research and development(9.2)(8.6)(8.0)
Expected credit losses(0.3)(0.4)
Subtotal(14.8)(14.7)(14.6)
Net other operating income and expenses1.13.43.5
Operating income4.43.83.3
Non-operating income and expenses0.7(2.4)(0.1)
Income from continuing operations before income tax5.11.43.2
Income tax benefit (expense)(0.6)0.7(0.1)
Net income4.52.13.1
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(3.2)0.61.9
Total comprehensive income1.32.75.0
Net income attributable to:
Stockholders of the parent6.55.15.5
Non-controlling interests(2.0)(3.0)(2.4)
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Stockholders of the parent3.35.77.4
Non-controlling interests(2.0)(3.0)(2.4)