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	journal = { Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology }}

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@article{harcourt10risk,
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	year = { 2015 }}

@article{angwin16machine,
	author = { Julia Angwin and Jeff Larson and Surya Mattu and Lauren Kirchner },
	title = { Machine Bias: ThereÕs software used across the country to predict future criminals. And itÕs biased against blacks. },
	journal = { Propublica },
        url = {https://www.propublica.org/article/machine-bias-risk-assessments-in-criminal-sentencing},
	year = { 2016 }}

@article{corbett-davies17algorithmic,
	author = { Sam Corbe-Davies and Emma Pierson and Avi Feller and Sharad Goel and Aziz Huq },
	title = { Algorithmic decision making and the cost of fairness },
	journal = { arxiv preprint: 1701.08230 },
	year = { 2017 }}

@article{jabbari16fair,
	author = { Shahin Jabbari and Matthew Joseph and Michael Kearns and Jamie Morgenstern and and Aaron Roth },
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	year = { 2016 }}

@article{kamiran13quantifying,
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	number = { 3 },
	pages = { 613-644 },
	year = { 2013 }}

@article{shpitser17idf,
	author = { Ilya Shpitser },
	title = { Identification in Causal Models With Hidden Variables },
	journal = { Journal of the French Statistical Society (to appear) },
	year = { 2017 }}

@misc{carson96discrimination,
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@inproceedings{shpitser17idh,
	author = { Ilya Shpitser },
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	editors = { Steffen Lauritzen, Marloes Maathuis, Martin Wainwright,
		and Mathias Drton },
	year = { 2017 }}

@inproceedings{pedreshi08discrimination,
	author = { Dino Pedreshi and Salvatore Ruggieri and Franco Turini },
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	conference on knowledge discovery and data mining },
	pages = { 560-568 },
	year = { 2008 }}

@inproceedings{hardt16equality,
	author = { Moritz Hardt and Eric Price and Nati Srebro },
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	year = { 2016 }}

@inproceedings{feldman15certifying,
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        url = {http://genomebiology.com/2007/8/10/R219},
        doi = {10.1186/gb-2007-8-10-r219},
        abstract = {We develop an approach utilizing randomized genotypes to rigorously infer causal regulatory relationships among genes at the transcriptional level, based on experiments in which genotyping and expression profiling are performed. This approach can be used to build transcriptional regulatory networks and to identify putative regulators of genes. We apply the method to an experiment in yeast, in which genes known to be in the same processes and functions are recovered in the resulting transcriptional regulatory network.},
        journal = {Genome Biology},
        author = {Lin Chen and Frank Emmert-Streib and John Storey},
        year = {2007},
        keywords = {causality},
        pages = {R219}
}

@incollection{drton08iterative,
year={2008},
isbn={978-3-7908-2083-6},
booktitle={COMPSTAT 2008},
editor={Brito, Paula},
doi={10.1007/978-3-7908-2084-3_8},
title={Iterative Conditional Fitting for Discrete Chain Graph Models},
url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2084-3_8},
publisher={Physica-Verlag HD},
keywords={categorical data; chain graph; conditional independence; graphical model},
author={Drton, Mathias},
pages={93-104},
language={English}
}

@misc{richardson17nested,
	title = { Nested {M}arkov Properties for Acyclic Directed Mixed Graphs },
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	author = { Thomas S. Richardson and Robin J. Evans and James M. Robins
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	year = { 2017 }}

#	howpublished = {\url{https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.06686}},

@inproceedings{evans:didelez:15,
title = {Recovering from Selection Bias using Marginal Structure in Discrete Models},
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url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1504/uai2015aci_paper4.pdf},
year = { 2015 },
crossref = {UAI2015CI},
}

@misc{robins12respond,
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	title = { Robins and {W}asserman Respond to a Nobel Prize Winner },
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	year = { 2012 }
	}

@misc{tchetgen16discrete,
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	note = { {W}orking paper },
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	howpublished = {\url{https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.02631} },
	year = { 2016 }}

@misc{sadinle16itemwise,
	title = { Itemwise conditionally independent nonresponse modeling for incomplete multivariate data },
	note = { {W}orking paper },
	author = { Mauricio Sadinle and Jerome P. Reiter },
	howpublished = {\url{https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.00656} },
	year = { 2016 }}

@article{chipman10bart,
	author = { Hugh A. Chipman and Edward I. George and Robert E. McCulloch },
	title = { {BART}: Bayesian additive regression trees },
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	number = { 1 },
	pages = { 266-298 },
	year = { 2010 }}

@article{caleb17quantifying,
	title = { Quantifying an Adherence Path-Specific Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy 		in the Nigeria PEPFAR Program },
	author = { Caleb Miles and Ilya Shpitser and Phyllis Kanki and Seema Melone and
		Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen },
	journal = { Journal of the American Statistical Association },
	year = { 2017 }}

@article{caleb16on,
	author = { Caleb Miles and Phyllis Kanki and Seema Meloni and
		Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen },
	journal = { Journal of Causal Inference },
	year = { 2016 }}

@article{drton16generic,
	author = { Drton, M. and Weihs, L. },
	title = { Generic identifiability of linear structural equation models by ancestor 		decomposition },
	journal = { Scandinavian Journal of Statistics },
	year = { 2016 }}

@article{foygel12halftrek,
	author = { Rina Foygel and Jan Draisma and Mathias Drton },
	title = { Half-Trek Criterion for Generic Identifiability of
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	journal = { Annals of Statistics },
	volume = { 40 },
	number = { 3 },
	pages = { 1682-1713 },
	year = { 2012 }}

@article{drton11global,
	author = { Mathias Drton and Rina Foygel and Seth Sullivant },
	title = { Global Identifiability of Linear Structural Equation Models },
	journal = { Annals of Statistics },
	volume = { 39 },
	number = { 2 },
	pages = { 865-886 },
	year = { 2011 }}
	
@article{imai10general,
	author = { Kosuke Imai and Luke Keele and Dustin Tingley },
	title = { A General Approach to Causal Mediation Analysis },
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	volume = { 15 },
	number = { 4 },
	pages = { 309-334 },
	year = { 2010 }}

@article{chen07semiparametric,
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	pages = { 413-421 },
	year = { 2007 }}

@article{mozeika14consistent,
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	journal = { Physical Review E: Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. },
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	volume = { 90 },
	issue = { 1 },
	year = { 2014 }}





@unpublished{vanderlaan12networks,
	title = { Causal Inference for Networks.},
	note = { {W}orking paper },
	author = { Mark J. van der Laan },
	year = { 2012 }}

@unpublished{vanderlaan12networks,
	title = { Causal Inference for Networks.},
	note = { {W}orking paper },
	author = { Mark J. van der Laan },
	year = { 2012 }}
	
@article{robins97non,
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	journal = { Statistics in Medicine },
	volume = { 16 },
	year = { 1997 },
	pages = { 21-37 }}

@article{vinokur97mastery,
	author = { Vinokur, A. and Schul, Y. },
	title = { Mastery and inoculation against setbacks as active ingredients
			in the jobs intervention for the unemployed },
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	volume = { 65 },
	number = { 5 },
	pages = { 867-877 },
	year = { 1997}}

@article{vanderweele14on,
	author = { Tyler J. VanderWeele and Whitney R. Robinson },
	title = { On causal interpretation of race in regressions adjusting for confounding and mediating variables },
	journal = { Epidemiology },
	volume = { 25 },
	number = { 4 },
	pages = { 473-484 },
	year = { 2014 }}

@article{hudgens08toward,
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	journal = { Journal of the American Statistical Association },
	volume = { 103 },
	number = { 482 },
	pages = { 832-842 },
	year = { 2008 }}


@inproceedings{garcia10identifying,
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	title = { Identifying causal effects with computer algebra },
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	editors = { P. GrŸnwald and P. Spirtes, eds. },
	publisher = { AUAI Press },
	year = { 2010 }}


@inproceedings{robins97marginal,
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	year = { 1997 }}

@inproceedings{robins89analysis,
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	title = { The analysis of randomized and 
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		to causal inference in longitudinal studies },
	editor = { Sechrest, L. and Freeman, H. and Mulley, A. },
	booktitle = { Health Service Research Methodology: A Focus on AIDS },
	publisher = { NCHSR, U.S. Public Health Service },
	year = { 1989 },
	pages = { 113-159 }}

@article{robins92estimation,
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	journal = { Biometrika },
	volume = { 79 },
	year = { 1992 },
	pages = { 321-334 }}

@inproceedings{robins99on,
	author = { James M. Robins and Larry Wasserman },
	title = { On the Impossibility of Inferring Causation from Association without
		Background Knowledge },
	booktitle = { Computation, Causation, and Discovery },
	editor = { C. Glymour and G. Cooper },
	publisher = { Menlo Park, CA, CAmbridge, MA: AAAI Press/The MIT Press },
	pages = { 305 -- 321 },
	year = { 1999 }
}

@inproceedings{robins99testing,
	author = { James M. Robins },
	title = { Testing and estimation of direct effects by reparameterizing
		directed acyclic graphs with structural nested models },
	booktitle = { Computation, Causation, and Discovery },
	editor = { C. Glymour and G. Cooper },
	publisher = { Menlo Park, CA, CAmbridge, MA: AAAI Press/The MIT Press },
	pages = { 349 -- 405 },
	year = { 1999 }
}

@article{roweis99unifying,
	author = { Sam Roweis and Zoubin Ghahramani },
	title = { A Unifying Review of Linear {G}aussian Models },
	journal = { Neural Computation },
	volume = { 11 },
	number = { 2 },
	pages = { 305--345 },
	year = { 1999 }
}

@article{zongming08structural,
	author = { Zongming Ma and Xianchao Xie and Zhi Geng },
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	volume = { 9 },
	pages = { 2847--2880 },
	year = { 2008 }}

@article{beal04var,
	author = { Matthew J. Beal and Zoubin Ghahramani },
	title = { Variational {B}ayesian Learning of Directed
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	journal = { Bayesian Analysis },
	volume = { 1 },
	number = { 1 },
	pages = { 1--44 },
	year = { 2004 }}

@article{shimizu06linear,
	author = { Shohei Shimizu and Patrik O. Hoyer and Aapo Hyv\"arinen and
		Antti J. Kerminen },
	title = { A linear non-{G}aussian acyclic model for causal discovery },
	journal = { Journal of Machine Learning Research },
	volume = { 7 },
	pages = { 2003--2030 },
	year = { 2006 }
}

@article{hill11bayesian,
	author = { Jennifer L. Hill },
	title = { Bayesian Nonparametric Modeling for Causal Inference },
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@unpublished{tchetgen11cond,
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% ^ this is in biometrika now.


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	publisher = { AUAI Press },
	year = { 2013 }}

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@article{shpitser10complete,
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pages = { 241-288 }
}

@article{lauritzen88local,
author = {Steffan L. Lauritzen and David J. Spiegelhalter},
title = {Local computations with probabilities on graphical structures and
their application to expert systems},
journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society},
volume = {Ser. B 50},
pages = {157-224},
year = {1988}
}

@article{pearl93comment,
author = { Judea Pearl },
title = { Comment: Graphical Models, Causality, and Intervention },
journal = { Statistical Science },
volume = { 8 },
number = { 3 },
pages = { 266-269 },
year = { 1993 }}

@article{pearl93belief,
Author = { Judea Pearl},
title = { Belief Networks Revisited },
journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
volume = { 59 },
pages = { 49-56 },
year = { 1993 }
}

@techreport{tchetgen12semi,
	author = { Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen and Ilya Shpitser },
	title = { Semiparametric estimation of models for natural direct
	and indirect effects },
	institution = { Department of Biostatistics,
		Harvard School of Public Health },
	number = { 129 },
	year = { 2012 }}

@techreport{pearl11cmf,
	author = { Judea Pearl },
	title = { The causal mediation formula -- a guide to the
	assessment of pathways and mechanisms },
	institution = { Cognitive Systems Laboratory, University of
	California, Los Angeles },
	number = { R-379 },
	year = { 2011 }}


@techreport{verma88influence,
author = { T. Verma and Judea Pearl },
title = { Influence Diagrams and d-Separation },
institution = { Cognitive Systems Laboratory, University of California, Los
	Angeles },
number = { R-101 },
year = { 1988 }
}

@techreport{shpitser07appendum,
author = { Ilya Shpitser},
title = { Appendum to Identification of Conditional Interventional
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institution = {Cognitive Systems Laboratory, University of California, Los
	Angeles},
number = {R-329-APPENDUM},
year = {2007}
}

@techreport{verma86causal,
author = { Thomas S. Verma },
title = { Causal networks: semantics and expressiveness },
institution = {Cognitive Systems Laboratory, University of California, Los
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number = {R-65},
year = {1986}
}

@techreport{verma90equiv,
        Author = {Thomas S. Verma and Judea Pearl},
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        Year = {1990}}

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	Year = {2006}}

@inproceedings{shpitser06idc,
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	pages = { 437-444 },
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	Year = {2006}}

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	Year = {2006}}

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@inproceedings{tian02general,
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	year = { 2006 }}

@inproceedings{brito02graphical,
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	Title = {What Counterfactuals Can Be Tested},
	Year = {2007}}

@techreport{tian02onid,
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	Year = {2002}}

@techreport{verma93aspects,
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@inproceedings{evans10maximum,
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@inproceedings{chen14on,
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  	year = {2014}}

@inproceedings{chen16identification,
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	year = { 2016 }}

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	Year = {2002}}

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@unpublished{evans:complete,
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	Year = 1995}
