import logging
import tempfile
import os
import torch
import numpy as np
import json

from collections import OrderedDict
from tqdm import tqdm

from maskrcnn_benchmark.modeling.roi_heads.mask_head.inference import Masker
from maskrcnn_benchmark.structures.bounding_box import BoxList
from maskrcnn_benchmark.structures.boxlist_ops import boxlist_iou


def do_coco_evaluation(
        dataset,
        predictions,
        box_only,
        output_folder,
        iou_types,
        expected_results,
        expected_results_sigma_tol,
):
    logger = logging.getLogger("maskrcnn_benchmark.inference")

    if box_only:
        logger.info("Evaluating bbox proposals")
        if dataset.coco is None and output_folder:
            json_results = prepare_for_tsv_detection(predictions, dataset)
            with open(os.path.join(output_folder, "box_proposals.json"), "w") as f:
                json.dump(json_results, f)
            return None
        areas = {"all": "", "small": "s", "medium": "m", "large": "l"}
        res = COCOResults("box_proposal")
        for limit in [100, 1000]:
            for area, suffix in areas.items():
                stats = evaluate_box_proposals(
                    predictions, dataset, area=area, limit=limit
                )
                key = "AR{}@{:d}".format(suffix, limit)
                res.results["box_proposal"][key] = stats["ar"].item()
        logger.info(res)
        check_expected_results(res, expected_results, expected_results_sigma_tol)
        if output_folder:
            torch.save(res, os.path.join(output_folder, "box_proposals.pth"))
        return res, predictions
    logger.info("Preparing results for COCO format")
    coco_results = {}
    if "bbox" in iou_types:
        logger.info("Preparing bbox results")
        if dataset.coco is None:
            coco_results["bbox"] = prepare_for_tsv_detection(predictions, dataset)
        else:
            coco_results["bbox"] = prepare_for_coco_detection(predictions, dataset)
    if "segm" in iou_types:
        logger.info("Preparing segm results")
        coco_results["segm"] = prepare_for_coco_segmentation(predictions, dataset)
    if 'keypoints' in iou_types:
        logger.info('Preparing keypoints results')
        coco_results['keypoints'] = prepare_for_coco_keypoint(predictions, dataset)

    results = COCOResults(*iou_types)
    logger.info("Evaluating predictions")
    for iou_type in iou_types:
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() as f:
            file_path = f.name
            if output_folder:
                file_path = os.path.join(output_folder, iou_type + ".json")
            if dataset.coco:
                res = evaluate_predictions_on_coco(
                    dataset.coco, coco_results[iou_type], file_path, iou_type
                )
                results.update(res)
            elif output_folder:
                with open(file_path, "w") as f:
                    json.dump(coco_results[iou_type], f)

    logger.info(results)
    check_expected_results(results, expected_results, expected_results_sigma_tol)
    if output_folder:
        torch.save(results, os.path.join(output_folder, "coco_results.pth"))
    return results, coco_results


def prepare_for_tsv_detection(predictions, dataset):
    # assert isinstance(dataset, COCODataset)
    proposal_results = []
    image_list = []
    for im_id, prediction in enumerate(predictions):
        image_info = dataset.get_img_info(im_id)
        if len(prediction) == 0:
            continue

        # TODO replace with get_img_info?
        image_id = image_info["id"]
        image_width = image_info["width"]
        image_height = image_info["height"]
        prediction = prediction.resize((image_width, image_height))
        prediction = prediction.convert("xywh")

        boxes = prediction.bbox.tolist()
        scores = prediction.get_field("scores").tolist()
        labels = prediction.get_field("labels").tolist()
        if prediction.has_field("centers"):
            centers = prediction.get_field("centers")
        else:
            centers = None

        for k, box in enumerate(boxes):
            proposal = {
                "image_id": image_id,
                "category_id": labels[k],
                "bbox": box,
                "score": scores[k],
                "area": image_width * image_height,
                "iscrowd": 0,
            }
            if centers is not None:
                proposal.update(center=centers[k].tolist())
            proposal_results.append(proposal)

        image_list.append(image_info)

        # categories = [{'supercategory': 'proposal', 'id': 0, 'name': 'proposal'}]
    return dict(images=image_list, annotations=proposal_results)


def prepare_for_coco_detection(predictions, dataset):
    # assert isinstance(dataset, COCODataset)
    coco_results = []
    for image_id, prediction in enumerate(predictions):
        original_id = dataset.id_to_img_map[image_id]
        if len(prediction) == 0:
            continue

        # TODO replace with get_img_info?
        image_width = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]["width"]
        image_height = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]["height"]
        prediction = prediction.resize((image_width, image_height))
        prediction = prediction.convert("xywh")

        boxes = prediction.bbox.tolist()
        scores = prediction.get_field("scores").tolist()
        labels = prediction.get_field("labels").tolist()

        for k, box in enumerate(boxes):
            if labels[k] in dataset.contiguous_category_id_to_json_id:
                coco_results.append(
                    {
                        "image_id": original_id,
                        "category_id": dataset.contiguous_category_id_to_json_id[labels[k]],
                        "bbox": box,
                        "score": scores[k],
                    })

    return coco_results


def prepare_for_coco_segmentation(predictions, dataset):
    import pycocotools.mask as mask_util
    import numpy as np

    masker = Masker(threshold=0.5, padding=1)
    # assert isinstance(dataset, COCODataset)
    coco_results = []
    for image_id, prediction in tqdm(enumerate(predictions)):
        original_id = dataset.id_to_img_map[image_id]
        if len(prediction) == 0:
            continue

        # TODO replace with get_img_info?
        image_width = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]["width"]
        image_height = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]["height"]
        prediction = prediction.resize((image_width, image_height))
        masks = prediction.get_field("mask")
        # t = time.time()
        # Masker is necessary only if masks haven't been already resized.
        if list(masks.shape[-2:]) != [image_height, image_width]:
            masks = masker(masks.expand(1, -1, -1, -1, -1), prediction)
            masks = masks[0]
        # logger.info('Time mask: {}'.format(time.time() - t))
        # prediction = prediction.convert('xywh')

        # boxes = prediction.bbox.tolist()
        scores = prediction.get_field("scores").tolist()
        labels = prediction.get_field("labels").tolist()

        # rles = prediction.get_field('mask')

        rles = [
            mask_util.encode(np.array(mask[0, :, :, np.newaxis], order="F"))[0]
            for mask in masks
        ]
        for rle in rles:
            rle["counts"] = rle["counts"].decode("utf-8")

        mapped_labels = [dataset.contiguous_category_id_to_json_id[i] for i in labels]

        coco_results.extend(
            [
                {
                    "image_id": original_id,
                    "category_id": mapped_labels[k],
                    "segmentation": rle,
                    "score": scores[k],
                }
                for k, rle in enumerate(rles)
            ]
        )
    return coco_results


def prepare_for_coco_keypoint(predictions, dataset):
    # assert isinstance(dataset, COCODataset)
    coco_results = []
    for image_id, prediction in enumerate(predictions):
        original_id = dataset.id_to_img_map[image_id]
        if len(prediction.bbox) == 0:
            continue

        # TODO replace with get_img_info?
        image_width = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]['width']
        image_height = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]['height']
        prediction = prediction.resize((image_width, image_height))
        prediction = prediction.convert('xywh')

        boxes = prediction.bbox.tolist()
        scores = prediction.get_field('scores').tolist()
        labels = prediction.get_field('labels').tolist()
        keypoints = prediction.get_field('keypoints')
        keypoints = keypoints.resize((image_width, image_height))
        keypoints = keypoints.to_coco_format()

        mapped_labels = [dataset.contiguous_category_id_to_json_id[i] for i in labels]

        coco_results.extend([{
            'image_id': original_id,
            'category_id': mapped_labels[k],
            'keypoints': keypoint,
            'score': scores[k]} for k, keypoint in enumerate(keypoints)])
    return coco_results


# inspired from Detectron
def evaluate_box_proposals(
        predictions, dataset, thresholds=None, area="all", limit=None
):
    """Evaluate detection proposal recall metrics. This function is a much
    faster alternative to the official COCO API recall evaluation code. However,
    it produces slightly different results.
    """
    # Record max overlap value for each gt box
    # Return vector of overlap values
    areas = {
        "all": 0,
        "small": 1,
        "medium": 2,
        "large": 3,
        "96-128": 4,
        "128-256": 5,
        "256-512": 6,
        "512-inf": 7,
    }
    area_ranges = [
        [0 ** 2, 1e5 ** 2],  # all
        [0 ** 2, 32 ** 2],  # small
        [32 ** 2, 96 ** 2],  # medium
        [96 ** 2, 1e5 ** 2],  # large
        [96 ** 2, 128 ** 2],  # 96-128
        [128 ** 2, 256 ** 2],  # 128-256
        [256 ** 2, 512 ** 2],  # 256-512
        [512 ** 2, 1e5 ** 2],
    ]  # 512-inf
    assert area in areas, "Unknown area range: {}".format(area)
    area_range = area_ranges[areas[area]]
    gt_overlaps = []
    num_pos = 0

    for image_id, prediction in enumerate(predictions):
        original_id = dataset.id_to_img_map[image_id]

        # TODO replace with get_img_info?
        image_width = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]["width"]
        image_height = dataset.coco.imgs[original_id]["height"]
        prediction = prediction.resize((image_width, image_height))

        # sort predictions in descending order
        # TODO maybe remove this and make it explicit in the documentation
        if prediction.has_field("objectness"):
            inds = prediction.get_field("objectness").sort(descending=True)[1]
        else:
            inds = prediction.get_field("scores").sort(descending=True)[1]
        prediction = prediction[inds]

        ann_ids = dataset.coco.getAnnIds(imgIds=original_id)
        anno = dataset.coco.loadAnns(ann_ids)
        gt_boxes = [obj["bbox"] for obj in anno if obj["iscrowd"] == 0]
        gt_boxes = torch.as_tensor(gt_boxes).reshape(-1, 4)  # guard against no boxes
        gt_boxes = BoxList(gt_boxes, (image_width, image_height), mode="xywh").convert(
            "xyxy"
        )
        gt_areas = torch.as_tensor([obj["area"] for obj in anno if obj["iscrowd"] == 0])

        if len(gt_boxes) == 0:
            continue

        valid_gt_inds = (gt_areas >= area_range[0]) & (gt_areas <= area_range[1])
        gt_boxes = gt_boxes[valid_gt_inds]

        num_pos += len(gt_boxes)

        if len(gt_boxes) == 0:
            continue

        if len(prediction) == 0:
            continue

        if limit is not None and len(prediction) > limit:
            prediction = prediction[:limit]

        overlaps = boxlist_iou(prediction, gt_boxes)

        _gt_overlaps = torch.zeros(len(gt_boxes))
        for j in range(min(len(prediction), len(gt_boxes))):
            # find which proposal box maximally covers each gt box
            # and get the iou amount of coverage for each gt box
            max_overlaps, argmax_overlaps = overlaps.max(dim=0)

            # find which gt box is 'best' covered (i.e. 'best' = most iou)
            gt_ovr, gt_ind = max_overlaps.max(dim=0)
            assert gt_ovr >= 0
            # find the proposal box that covers the best covered gt box
            box_ind = argmax_overlaps[gt_ind]
            # record the iou coverage of this gt box
            _gt_overlaps[j] = overlaps[box_ind, gt_ind]
            assert _gt_overlaps[j] == gt_ovr
            # mark the proposal box and the gt box as used
            overlaps[box_ind, :] = -1
            overlaps[:, gt_ind] = -1

        # append recorded iou coverage level
        gt_overlaps.append(_gt_overlaps)

    if len(gt_overlaps) == 0:
        return {
            "ar": torch.zeros(1),
            "recalls": torch.zeros(1),
            "thresholds": thresholds,
            "gt_overlaps": gt_overlaps,
            "num_pos": num_pos,
        }

    gt_overlaps = torch.cat(gt_overlaps, dim=0)
    gt_overlaps, _ = torch.sort(gt_overlaps)

    if thresholds is None:
        step = 0.05
        thresholds = torch.arange(0.5, 0.95 + 1e-5, step, dtype=torch.float32)
    recalls = torch.zeros_like(thresholds)
    # compute recall for each iou threshold
    for i, t in enumerate(thresholds):
        recalls[i] = (gt_overlaps >= t).float().sum() / float(num_pos)
    # ar = 2 * np.trapz(recalls, thresholds)
    ar = recalls.mean()
    return {
        "ar": ar,
        "recalls": recalls,
        "thresholds": thresholds,
        "gt_overlaps": gt_overlaps,
        "num_pos": num_pos,
    }


def evaluate_predictions_on_coco(
        coco_gt, coco_results, json_result_file, iou_type="bbox"
):
    import json

    with open(json_result_file, "w") as f:
        json.dump(coco_results, f)

    from pycocotools.coco import COCO
    from pycocotools.cocoeval import COCOeval

    coco_dt = coco_gt.loadRes(str(json_result_file)) if coco_results else COCO()

    # coco_dt = coco_gt.loadRes(coco_results)
    if iou_type == 'keypoints':
        coco_gt = filter_valid_keypoints(coco_gt, coco_dt)
    coco_eval = COCOeval(coco_gt, coco_dt, iou_type)
    coco_eval.evaluate()
    coco_eval.accumulate()
    coco_eval.summarize()
    if iou_type == 'bbox':
        summarize_per_category(coco_eval, json_result_file.replace('.json', '.csv'))
    return coco_eval


def summarize_per_category(coco_eval, csv_output=None):
    '''
    Compute and display summary metrics for evaluation results.
    Note this functin can *only* be applied on the default parameter setting
    '''

    def _summarize(iouThr=None, areaRng='all', maxDets=100):
        p = coco_eval.params
        titleStr = 'Average Precision'
        typeStr = '(AP)'
        iouStr = '{:0.2f}:{:0.2f}'.format(p.iouThrs[0], p.iouThrs[-1]) \
            if iouThr is None else '{:0.2f}'.format(iouThr)
        result_str = ' {:<18} {} @[ IoU={:<9} | area={:>6s} | maxDets={:>3d} ], '. \
            format(titleStr, typeStr, iouStr, areaRng, maxDets)

        aind = [i for i, aRng in enumerate(p.areaRngLbl) if aRng == areaRng]
        mind = [i for i, mDet in enumerate(p.maxDets) if mDet == maxDets]

        # dimension of precision: [TxRxKxAxM]
        s = coco_eval.eval['precision']
        # IoU
        if iouThr is not None:
            t = np.where(iouThr == p.iouThrs)[0]
            s = s[t]
        s = s[:, :, :, aind, mind]

        if len(s[s > -1]) == 0:
            mean_s = -1
        else:
            mean_s = np.mean(s[s > -1])
            # cacluate AP(average precision) for each category
            num_classes = len(p.catIds)
            avg_ap = 0.0
            for i in range(0, num_classes):
                result_str += '{}, '.format(np.mean(s[:, :, i, :]))
                avg_ap += np.mean(s[:, :, i, :])
            result_str += ('{} \n'.format(avg_ap / num_classes))
        return result_str

    id2name = {}
    for _, cat in coco_eval.cocoGt.cats.items():
        id2name[cat['id']] = cat['name']
    title_str = 'metric, '
    for cid in coco_eval.params.catIds:
        title_str += '{}, '.format(id2name[cid])
    title_str += 'avg \n'

    results = [title_str]
    results.append(_summarize())
    results.append(_summarize(iouThr=.5, maxDets=coco_eval.params.maxDets[2]))
    results.append(_summarize(areaRng='small', maxDets=coco_eval.params.maxDets[2]))
    results.append(_summarize(areaRng='medium', maxDets=coco_eval.params.maxDets[2]))
    results.append(_summarize(areaRng='large', maxDets=coco_eval.params.maxDets[2]))

    with open(csv_output, 'w') as f:
        for result in results:
            f.writelines(result)


def filter_valid_keypoints(coco_gt, coco_dt):
    kps = coco_dt.anns[1]['keypoints']
    for id, ann in coco_gt.anns.items():
        ann['keypoints'][2::3] = [a * b for a, b in zip(ann['keypoints'][2::3], kps[2::3])]
        ann['num_keypoints'] = sum(ann['keypoints'][2::3])
    return coco_gt


class COCOResults(object):
    METRICS = {
        "bbox": ["AP", "AP50", "AP75", "APs", "APm", "APl"],
        "segm": ["AP", "AP50", "AP75", "APs", "APm", "APl"],
        "box_proposal": [
            "AR@100",
            "ARs@100",
            "ARm@100",
            "ARl@100",
            "AR@1000",
            "ARs@1000",
            "ARm@1000",
            "ARl@1000",
        ],
        "keypoints": ["AP", "AP50", "AP75", "APm", "APl"],
    }

    def __init__(self, *iou_types):
        allowed_types = ("box_proposal", "bbox", "segm", "keypoints")
        assert all(iou_type in allowed_types for iou_type in iou_types)
        results = OrderedDict()
        for iou_type in iou_types:
            results[iou_type] = OrderedDict(
                [(metric, -1) for metric in COCOResults.METRICS[iou_type]]
            )
        self.results = results

    def update(self, coco_eval):
        if coco_eval is None:
            return
        from pycocotools.cocoeval import COCOeval

        assert isinstance(coco_eval, COCOeval)
        s = coco_eval.stats
        iou_type = coco_eval.params.iouType
        res = self.results[iou_type]
        metrics = COCOResults.METRICS[iou_type]
        for idx, metric in enumerate(metrics):
            res[metric] = s[idx]

    def __repr__(self):
        # TODO make it pretty
        return repr(self.results)


def check_expected_results(results, expected_results, sigma_tol):
    if not expected_results:
        return

    logger = logging.getLogger("maskrcnn_benchmark.inference")
    for task, metric, (mean, std) in expected_results:
        actual_val = results.results[task][metric]
        lo = mean - sigma_tol * std
        hi = mean + sigma_tol * std
        ok = (lo < actual_val) and (actual_val < hi)
        msg = (
            "{} > {} sanity check (actual vs. expected): "
            "{:.3f} vs. mean={:.4f}, std={:.4}, range=({:.4f}, {:.4f})"
        ).format(task, metric, actual_val, mean, std, lo, hi)
        if not ok:
            msg = "FAIL: " + msg
            logger.error(msg)
        else:
            msg = "PASS: " + msg
            logger.info(msg)
