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  Transcriber’s Notes

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  printed in italics, bold face and sans-serif, respectively. Small
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  More Transcriber’s Notes may be found at the end of this text.




  TUNNELING:
  A PRACTICAL TREATISE

  BY

  CHARLES PRELINI, C. E.

  AUTHOR OF “EARTH AND ROCK EXCAVATION,” “DREDGES AND DREDGING,”
  “EARTH SLOPES, RETAINING WALLS AND DAMS,” ETC. PROFESSOR
  OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN MANHATTAN COLLEGE,
  NEW YORK

  _167 ILLUSTRATIONS_

  SIXTH EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED

  [Illustration]

  NEW YORK
  D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY
  TWENTY-FIVE PARK PLACE
  1912


  COPYRIGHT, 1912,
  BY
  D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY
  NEW YORK

  Stanhope Press
  F. H. GILSON COMPANY
  BOSTON, U.S.