The issue focused on hardware components (CPUs, GPUs, RAM, PCI Express slots, USB slots, ports, wireless chipsets, PCI slots, networking chipsets, thermal pads, cables, thermal pads, monitors, keyboards, mice, keyboards and mice), rather than software components (drivers, utilities, utilities software). While no hardware manufacturer released its complete firmware database at that time, software vendors released dozens of firmware utilities for Linux systems at that time. Many software utilities included functionality for restoring computers from firmware backups and