The issue focused on computer programs that perform programming tasks that must be understood by humans: computer programs are computer programs and computer programs are computers. When using computer programs to perform programming tasks, some humans need to understand them in order to perform them properly. However, many humans also use computer programs in order to perform computer tasks that other humans cannot perform. These activities include creating computer programs to carry out scientific research. Some forms of programming include providing instructions for creating computer programs to carry out scientific research. Other forms of programming