The issue focused on regulations affecting agricultural commodities such as apples and oranges. However, federal judges ruled against enforcement of those regulations because they amounted to unlawful subsidies for apple growers in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. In January 2012, federal regulators appealed that ruling and concluded they did not violate federal law. But federal prosecutors declined to prosecute because there were insufficient witnesses and documents available for prosecution. The appellate court affirmed that finding and upheld the rulings against enforcement of regulations regulating pesticides used on grapes and almonds.

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