@book{Lamport:Book:1989,
 author = {Lamport, Leslie},
 title = {Latex: A Document Preparation System},
 year = {1986},
 isbn = {0-201-15790-X},
 publisher = {Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.},
 address = {Boston, MA, USA},
}

@misc{Hinton:arXiv:2015:Distilling,
 title={Distilling the knowledge in a neural network},
 author={Hinton, Geoffrey and Vinyals, Oriol and Dean, Jeff},
 OPTeprinttype={arXiv},
 OPTeprint={1503.02531},
 howpublished={Eprint \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.02531}{arXiv:1503.02531}},
 OPTurl={http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.02531},
 year=2015
}
@misc{ottl2024diffseg, 
    title        = {Analysing Diffusion Segmentation for Medical Images}, 	
    author       = {Mathias Öttl and others}, 	
    year         = 2024, 	archiveprefix = {arXiv}, 	
    eprint       = {2403.14440}, 	
    primaryclass = {eess.IV},  url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14440}  
}

@article{Ho2020DenoisingModels,
	title        = {{Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models}},
	author       = {Ho, Jonathan and Jain, Ajay and Abbeel, Pieter},
	year         = 2020,
	month        = 6,
	url          = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11239},
	arxivid      = {2006.11239},
}

@article{mllbpmr-Zhang2022,
    title = {{A deep learning-based method for the diagnosis of vertebral fractures on spine MRI: retrospective training and validation of ResNet}},
    year = {2022},
    journal = {European Spine Journal},
    author = {Yeh, Lee Ren and Zhang, Yang and others},
    number = {8},
    month = {8},
    pages = {2022--2030},
    volume = {31},
    publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},
    issn = {14320932},
    pmid = {35089420}
} %    doi = {10.1007/S00586-022-07121-1/FIGURES/7},


@article{Isensee2020NnU-Net:Segmentation,
    title = {{nnU-Net: a self-configuring method for deep learning-based biomedical image segmentation}},
    year = {2020},
    journal = {Nature Methods},
    author = {Isensee, Fabian and Jaeger, Paul F. and others},
    number = {2},
    month = {12},
    pages = {203--211},
    volume = {18},
    publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
    doi = {10.1038/s41592-020-01008-z},
    issn = {1548-7105},
    pmid = {33288961}
} %


@article{Song2020DenoisingModels,
    title = {{Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models}},
    year = {2020},
    author = {Song, Jiaming and Meng, Chenlin and Ermon, Stefano},
    month = {10},
    url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502},
    arxivId = {2010.02502}
}


@article{Wolleb2022DiffusionDetection,
    title = {{Diffusion Models for Medical Anomaly Detection}},
    year = {2022},
    author = {Wolleb, Julia and Bieder, Florentin and others},
    month = {3},
    url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.04306},
    arxivId = {2203.04306}
}

@article{Marto2023GlobalMeta-analysis,
    title = {{Global and regional estimates of clinical and economic burden of low back pain in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
    year = {2023},
    author = {Marto, Carlos Miguel and others},
    doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1098100}
}


%%%%%% 
@article{JorgeCardoso2022MONAI:Healthcare,
    title = {{MONAI: An open-source framework for deep learning in healthcare}},
    year = {2022},
    author = {Jorge Cardoso, M and Li, Wenqi and others},
    arxivId = {2211.02701v1}, 
    doi  = {10.48550/arXiv.2211.02701}

}

@article{Matheve2023TheImplications,
    title = {{The Role of Back Muscle Dysfunctions in Chronic Low Back Pain: State-of-the-Art and Clinical Implications}},
    year = {2023},
    journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
    author = {Matheve, Thomas and others},
    number = {17},
    month = {5},
    volume = {12},
    publisher = {J Clin Med},
    issn = {2077-0383},
    pmid = {37685576} 
} % doi = {10.3390/JCM12175510},


@article{Guo2022ACCELERATINGSEGMENTATION,
    title = {Accelerating diffusion models via pre-segmentation diffusion sampling for medical image segmentation},
    year = {2022},
    author = {Guo, Xutao and Yang, Yanwu and others},
    arxivId = {2210.17408v1},
    doi = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.17408}
}


@article{Fourney2011ChronicApproach,
    title = {{Chronic low back pain: A heterogeneous condition with challenges for an evidence-based approach}},
    year = {2011},
    journal = {Spine},
    author = {Fourney, Daryl R. and others},
    number = {21},
    month = {10},
    volume = {36},
    issn = {03622436},
    pmid = {21952181}
} %doi = {10.1097/BRS.0B013E31822F0A0D},

@article{Sohl-DicksteinDeepThermodynamics,
    title = {{Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics}},
    author = {Sohl-Dickstein, Jascha and others},
    arxivId = {1503.03585v8},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03585}
}

@article{HoDenoisingModels,
    title = {{Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models}},
    author = {Ho, Jonathan and Jain, Ajay and Abbeel, Pieter},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11239},
    isbn = {2006.11239v2},
    arxivId = {2006.11239v2}
}


@article{DhariwalDiffusionSynthesis,
    title = {{Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis}},
    author = {Dhariwal, Prafulla and Nichol, Alex},
    arxivId = {2105.05233v4},
    url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.05233v4}
}

@article{Wolleb2021DiffusionEnsembles,
    title = {{Diffusion Models for Implicit Image Segmentation Ensembles}},
    year = {2021},
    author = {Wolleb, Julia and Sandk{\"{u}}hler, Robin and others},
    month = {12},
    url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.03145},
    arxivId = {2112.03145}
}


@article{LiOnModels,
    title = {{On the Generalization Properties of Diffusion Models}},
      author={Puheng Li and Zhong Li and Huishuai Zhang and Jiang Bian},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2311.01797},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.LG},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.01797}, 
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Zhang2022-Apsegmentor,
  author={Zhang, Lingrong and others},
  booktitle={2022 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (SEAI)}, 
  title={Spine X-ray Image Segmentation Based on Transformer and Adaptive Optimized Postprocessing}, 
  year={2022},
  pages={88-92}
} %doi={10.1109/SEAI55746.2022.9832144}

@article{Zheng2022-BianqueNet,
author={Zheng, Hua-Dong
and Sun, Yue-Li
and others},
title={Deep learning-based high-accuracy quantitation for lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration from MRI},
journal={Nat. Comm.},
year={2022},
volume={13},
pages={841}
} %doi={10.1038/s41467-022-28387-5},

@INPROCEEDINGS{You2022-Trans3DUNet,
  author={You, Xin and others},
  booktitle={19th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)}, 
  title={EG-Trans3DUNet: A Single-Staged Transformer-Based Model for Accurate Vertebrae Segmentation from Spinal Ct Images}, 
  year={2022},
  pages={1-5}},% doi={10.1109/ISBI52829.2022.9761551}}
  
@inproceedings{
kim2023-diffadvrep,
title={Diffusion Adversarial Representation Learning for Self-supervised Vessel Segmentation},
author={Boah Kim and Yujin Oh and Jong Chul Ye},
booktitle={The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations },
year={2023}}

@Article{Liu2024diffSurvey,
AUTHOR = {Liu, Zengxin and Ma, Caiwen and She, Wenji and Xie, Meilin},
TITLE = {Biomedical Image Segmentation Using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis},
JOURNAL = {Applied Sciences},
VOLUME = {14},
YEAR = {2024},
NUMBER = {2},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {632},
ISSN = {2076-3417},
DOI = {10.3390/app14020632}
}


@InProceedings{Zhao2023-EIDDP,
author={Zhao, Jianfeng
and Li, Shuo},
title={Learning Reliability of Multi-modality Medical Images for Tumor Segmentation via Evidence-Identified Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models},
booktitle={MICCAI},
year={2023},
publisher={Springer Nature Switzerland},
pages={682--691},
isbn={978-3-031-43901-8}
}



@article{chung2022-diffres,
  title={MR image denoising and super-resolution using regularized reverse diffusion},
  author={Chung, Hyungjin and others},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging},
  volume={42},
  number={4},
  pages={922--934},
  year={2022},
  publisher={IEEE}
}

@article{Kazerouni2022DiffusioSurvey,
  title={Diffusion models in medical imaging: A comprehensive survey},
  author={Amirhossein Kazerouni and others},
  journal={Medical image analysis},
  year={2022},
  volume={88},
  pages={
          102846
        }
} %doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-43901-8_65},

@INPROCEEDINGS{Wang2022-SpinsegBC,
  author={Wang, Dexu and others},
  booktitle={44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine \& Biology Society (EMBC)}, 
  title={Spine Segmentation with Multi-view GCN and Boundary Constraint}, 
  year={2022},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={2136-2139}} %,
  doi={10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871222}}


@misc{öttl2024diffseg,
      title={Analysing Diffusion Segmentation for Medical Images}, 
      author={Mathias Öttl and others},
      year={2024},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={eess.IV}, 
      url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14440}
}
@misc{yao2023-mis,
      title={From CNN to Transformer: A Review of Medical Image Segmentation Models}, 
      author={Wenjian Yao and others},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2308.05305},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={eess.IV}, 
       url ={https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.05305}
}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% SHORT VERSIONS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
@article{mllbpmr-Windsor2020,
    title = {{A Convolutional Approach to Vertebrae Detection and Labelling in Whole Spine MRI}},
    year = {2020},
    journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
    author = {Windsor, Rhydian and Jamaludin, Amir and others},
    month = {7},
    pages = {712--722},
    volume = {12266 LNCS},
    publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},
    doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-59725-2_69},
    issn = {16113349},
    arxivId = {2007.02606},
    keywords = {Scoliosis, Vertebral bodies, Whole spine MRI}
}

@article{midl-maier2019,
    title = {A gentle introduction to deep learning in medical image processing},
    journal = {Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik},
    volume = {29},
    number = {2},
    pages = {86--101},
    year = {2019},
    author = {A. Maier and C. Syben and others},
    keywords = {Computer-aided diagnosis, Deep learning, Image reconstruction, Image registration, Image segmentation, Introduction, Machine learning, Physical simulation}
}

@article{rlbp-Dantoni2021,
    title = {Artificial intelligence and computer vision in low back pain: A systematic review},
    journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
    volume = {18},
    number = {20},
    pages = {10909},
    year = {2021},
    author = {F. D’Antoni and F. Russo and others}}

@article{mllbpmr-Galbusera2019,
    title = {Artificial intelligence and machine learning in spine research},
    journal = {JOR Spine},
    volume = {2},
    number = {1},
    year = {2019},
    author = {F. Galbusera and G. Casaroli and T. Bassani},
    doi = {10.1002/jsp2.1044}
}


@article{mllbpmr-Li2021,
    author = {H. Li  and others},
    title = {Automatic lumbar spinal MRI image segmentation with a multi-scale attention network},
    journal = {Neural Computing and Applications},
    volume = {33},
    pages = {11589-11602},
    year = {2021},
} 


@article{Sekuboyina2021-verse, 
title = {VerSe: A Vertebrae labelling and segmentation benchmark for multi-detector CT images},
journal = {Medical Image Analysis},
volume = {73},
pages = {102166},
year = {2021},
issn = {1361-8415},
author = {Anjany Sekuboyina and others},
keywords = {Spine, Vertebrae, Segmentation, Labelling} 
}


@article{mllbpmr-Hess2023,
    title = {Deep Learning for Multi-Tissue Segmentation and Fully Automatic Personalized Biomechanical Models from BACPAC Clinical Lumbar Spine MRI},
    journal = {Pain Medicine},
    volume = {24},
    pages = {S139-S148},
    year = {2023},
    author = {M. Hess and B. Allaire and others}
}
@article{mllbpmr-Lu2018,
    title = {DeepSPINE: Automated Lumbar Vertebral Segmentation, Disc-level Designation, and Spinal Stenosis Grading Using Deep Learning},
    journal = {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research},
    volume = {85},
    pages = {1--16},
    year = {2018},
    author = {J.-T. Lu and S. Pedemonte and others},
    arxivId = {1807.10215}
}

@article{Ho2020-dm,
    title = {Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models},
    year = {2020},
    author = {J. Ho and A. Jain and P. Abbeel},
    url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11239},
    arxivId = {2006.11239}
}


@article{Xing2023Diff-UNet:Segmentation,
    title = {Diff-UNet: A Diffusion Embedded Network for Volumetric Segmentation},
    year = {2023},
    author = {Z. Xing and L. Wan and others},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10326v1},
    arxivId = {2303.10326}
}


@article{Manchikanti2000-ebp,
    title = {{Epidemiology of low back pain}},
    year = {2000},
    journal = {Pain Physician},
    author = {Manchikanti, L},
    number = {2},
    pages = {167--192},
    volume = {3},
    language = {en}
}
@article{Dionne2006-bpp,
    title = {Does back pain prevalence really decrease with increasing age? A systematic review},
    journal = {Age and Ageing},
    volume = {35},
    number = {3},
    pages = {229--234},
    year = {2006},
    author = {C. E. Dionne and K. M. Dunn and P. R. Croft}
}

@article{lbp-GBD2021,
    title = {{Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021}},
    year = {2023},
    journal = {The Lancet Rheumatol.},
    author = {Ferreira, Manuela L. and others},
    number = {6},
    pages = {e316-e329},
    volume = {5},
    issn = {26659913},
    pmid = {37273833}
}




@article{mllbpmr-Jamaludin2017,
    title = {Automation of reading of radiological features from magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the lumbar spine without human intervention is comparable with an expert radiologist},
    journal = {European Spine Journal},
    volume = {26},
    number = {5},
    pages = {1374--1383},
    year = {2017},
    author = {A. Jamaludin and M. Lootus and others},
    doi = {10.1007/s00586-017-4956-3}
}

@article{Lessmann2019-lbMRDL,
    title = {Iterative fully convolutional neural networks for automatic vertebra segmentation and identification},
    journal = {Medical Image Analysis},
    volume = {53},
    pages = {142--155},
    year = {2019},
    author = {N. Lessmann and B. van Ginneken and others},
    doi = {10.1016/j.media.2019.02.005}
}


@article{mllbpmr-Mushtaq2022,
    title = {{Localization and Edge-Based Segmentation of Lumbar Spine Vertebrae to Identify the Deformities Using Deep Learning Models}},
    year = {2022},
    journal = {Sensors 2022, Vol. 22, Page 1547},
    author = {Mushtaq, Malaika and Akram, Muhammad Usman and others},
    number = {4},
    month = {2},
    pages = {1547},
    volume = {22},
    publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute},
    issn = {1424-8220},
    pmid = {35214448},
    keywords = {based segmentation, deep learning, edge, localization, lumbar lordortic angle, lumbar spine, lumbosacral angle}
}


@article{DS-Wu2022,
    title = {MedSegDiff: Medical Image Segmentation with Diffusion Probabilistic Model},
    year = {2022},
    author = {J. Wu and R. Fu and others},
    arxivId = {2211.00611},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.00611}

}

@article{mrlbp-Graaf2023,
    title = {MRI image features with an evident relation to low back pain: a narrative review},
    journal = {European Spine Journal},
    volume = {32},
    number = {5},
    pages = {1830--1841},
    year = {2023},
    author = {J. W. van der Graaf and others},
}





@inproceedings{mllbpmr-Zhou2022,
    title = {Review of Deep Learning Models for Spine Segmentation},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval},
    pages = {498--507},
    year = {2022},
    author = {N. Zhou and H. Wen and others},
    doi = {10.1145/3512527.3531356}
}

%% 19

@misc{od-SpiderGraaf2023,
    title = {Lumbar spine segmentation in MR images: a dataset and a public benchmark},
    journal = {Scientific Data},
    volume = {11},
    number = {1},
    year = {2024},
    publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
    author = {J. W. van der Graaf and M. L. van Hooff and others},
    doi = {10.1038/s41597-024-03090-w}
}


@article{mllbpmr-Han2018,
    title = {Spine-GAN: Semantic segmentation of multiple spinal structures},
    journal = {Medical Image Analysis},
    volume = {50},
    pages = {23--35},
    year = {2018},
    author = {Z. Han and B. Wei and others}
    }%, doi = {10.1016/J.MEDIA.2018.08.005}}

@article{mllbpmr-He2021,
title={SpineOne: A One-Stage Detection Framework for Degenerative Discs and Vertebrae}, 
      author={Jiabo He and Wei Liu and others},
      year={2021},
      eprint={2110.15082},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
    doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2110.15082}
}
@article{od-MRSegChallengePang2018,
    title = {SpineParseNet: Spine Parsing for Volumetric MR Image by a Two-Stage Segmentation Framework With Semantic Image Representation},
    journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging},
    volume = {40},
    number = {1},
    pages = {262--273},
    year = {2021},
    author = {S. Pang and C. Pang and others}}%,
    doi = {10.1109/TMI.2020.3025087}
}


@article{Kent2005-elbp,
    title = {{The epidemiology of low back pain in primary care}},
    year = {2005},
    author = {Kent, Peter M and Keating, Jennifer L},
    doi = {10.1186/1746-1340-13-13}
}



@inproceedings{Lotus2013-lbMRDL,
  journal = {Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics: Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging},
  pages = {219-230},
  publisher = {Springer},
  title = {Vertebrae detection and labelling in lumbar MR images},
  volume = {17},
  author = {Lootus, M and Kadir, T and Zisserman, A},
  year = {2014}
}


@article{Hartvigsen2018-mf,
    title = {{What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention}},
    year = {2018},
    journal = {Lancet},
    author = {Hartvigsen, Jan and Hancock, Mark J and others},
    number = {10137},
    month = {6},
    pages = {2356--2367},
    volume = {391},
    pmid = {29573870}
    } %url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29573870/}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X} }


@article{Bertels2019-DICE,
  author       = {Jeroen Bertels and
                 others},
  title        = {Optimizing the Dice Score and Jaccard Index for Medical Image Segmentation: Theory {\&} Practice},
  year         = {2019},
  url          = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01685}
}


@article{Kazerouni2023DiffusionSurvey,
	title        = {{Diffusion models in medical imaging: A comprehensive survey.}},
	author       = {Kazerouni, Amirhossein and Aghdam, Ehsan Khodapanah and Heidari, Moein and Azad, Reza and Fayyaz, Mohsen and Hacihaliloglu, Ilker and others},
	year         = 2023,
	month        = 8,
	journal      = {Medical image analysis},
	publisher    = {Elsevier},
	volume       = 88,
	pages        = 102846,
	doi          = {10.1016/j.media.2023.102846},
	issn         = {1361-8423},
	url          = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37295311},
	keywords     = {Denoising diffusion models, Diffusion models, Generative models, Medical applications, Medical imaging, Noise conditioned score networks, Score-based models, Survey},
	pmid         = 37295311,
}
@article{Chen2023OnModels,
      title={On the Importance of Noise Scheduling for Diffusion Models}, 
      author={Ting Chen},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2301.10972},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CV},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.10972},
}