Orig Description
Score : 100 points
Problem StatementThere is an N-car train.
You are given an integer i. Find the value of j such that the following statement is true: "the i-th car from the front of the train is the j-th car from the back."
Constraints
1 \leq N \leq 100
1 \leq i \leq N
InputInput is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N i
OutputPrint the answer.
Sample Input 14 2
Sample Output 13
The second car from the front of a 4-car train is the third car from the back.
Sample Input 21 1
Sample Output 21
Sample Input 315 11
Sample Output 35
Extracted Specification
Canonicalized Input Description:
An integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100), representing a quantity or size.
An integer i (1 ≤ i ≤ N), representing an index or position.
### Example Input:
```
4 2
```
### Function Signature:
Write a function f(N, i) that takes in the input.
def f(N: int, i: int):
'''
N: an integer
i: an integer
'''
Test Case Generator
Certainly! Let's first understand the problem and then create a test case generator for it.
### Problem Statement: Train Car Position
**Description**
You have an N-car train. Given an integer \(i\), you need to find the value of \(j\) such that the \(i\)-th car from the front is the \(j\)-th car from the back.
**Constraints**
- \(1 \leq N \leq 100\)
- \(1 \leq i \leq N\)
**Input**
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
```
N i
```
**Output**
Print the value of \(j\).
### Examples
**Example 1:**
_Input:_
```
4 2
```
_Output:_
```
3
```
*Explanation:* The second car from the front in a 4-car train is the third car from the back.
**Example 2:**
_Input:_
```
1 1
```
_Output:_
```
1
```
*Explanation:* The first car from the front in a 1-car train is also the first car from the back.
**Example 3:**
_Input:_
```
15 11
```
_Output:_
```
5
```
*Explanation:* The 11th car from the front in a 15-car train is the 5th car from the back.
### Test Case Generator
The test case generator will create random values for \(N\) and \(i\) within the given constraints.
```python
import random
def tcgen():
# Generate a random integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100)
N = random.randint(1, 100)
# Generate a random integer i (1 ≤ i ≤ N)
i = random.randint(1, N)
return N, i
# Example usage:
if __name__ == "__main__":
for _ in range(5): # Generate 5 test cases
N, i = tcgen()
print(f"Input: {N} {i}")
# Calculate the expected output for verification
j = N - i + 1
print(f"Output: {j}")
```
This script will generate random test cases for the problem and also calculate the expected output for each test case. The expected output is computed using the formula \(j = N - i + 1\), which finds the position of the \(i\)-th car from the front when viewed from the back.
Extract Arguments
def extract_arguments(fh):
N, i = map(int, fh.readline().strip().split())
return N, i