Canonicalized Input Description:

An integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 1,000), representing some quantity or size.
Three integers X, Y, and Z, each between 0 and 1e18 inclusive.

### Example Input:

```
3 1 0 1
```

### Function Signature:
Write a function f(N, X, Y, Z) that takes in the input.

```python
def f(N: int, X: int, Y: int, Z: int):
    ''' 
    N: an integer 
    X: an integer 
    Y: an integer 
    Z: an integer 
    '''
```