Frequently Asked Questions
====================================

Ray related
------------

How to add breakpoint for debugging with distributed Ray?
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Please checkout the official debugging guide from Ray: https://docs.ray.io/en/latest/ray-observability/ray-distributed-debugger.html


"Unable to register worker with raylet"
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The cause of this issue is due to some system setting, e.g., SLURM added some constraints on how the CPUs are shared on a node. 
While `ray.init()` tries to launch as many worker processes as the number of CPU cores of the machine,
some constraints of SLURM restricts the `core-workers` seeing the `raylet` process, leading to the problem.

To fix this issue, you can set the config term ``ray_init.num_cpus`` to a number allowed by your system.

Distributed training
------------------------

How to run multi-node post-training with Ray?
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can start a ray cluster and submit a ray job, following the official guide from Ray: https://docs.ray.io/en/latest/ray-core/starting-ray.html

Then in the configuration, set the ``trainer.nnode`` config to the number of machines for your job.

How to use verl on a Slurm-managed cluster?
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Ray provides users with `this <https://docs.ray.io/en/latest/cluster/vms/user-guides/community/slurm.html>`_ official
tutorial to start a Ray cluster on top of Slurm. We have verified the :doc:`GSM8K example<../examples/gsm8k_example>`
on a Slurm cluster under a multi-node setting with the following steps.

1. [Optional] If your cluster support `Apptainer or Singularity <https://apptainer.org/docs/user/main/>`_ and you wish
to use it, convert verl's Docker image to an Apptainer image. Alternatively, set up the environment with the package
manager available on your cluster or use other container runtimes (e.g. through `Slurm's OCI support <https://slurm.schedmd.com/containers.html>`_) available to you.

.. code:: bash

    apptainer pull /your/dest/dir/vemlp-th2.4.0-cu124-vllm0.6.3-ray2.10-te1.7-v0.0.3.sif docker://verlai/verl:vemlp-th2.4.0-cu124-vllm0.6.3-ray2.10-te1.7-v0.0.3

2. Follow :doc:`GSM8K example<../examples/gsm8k_example>` to prepare the dataset and model checkpoints.

3. Modify `examples/slurm/ray_on_slurm.slurm <https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/examples/slurm/ray_on_slurm.slurm>`_ with your cluster's own information.

4. Submit the job script to the Slurm cluster with `sbatch`.

Please note that Slurm cluster setup may vary. If you encounter any issues, please refer to Ray's
`Slurm user guide <https://docs.ray.io/en/latest/cluster/vms/user-guides/community/slurm.html>`_ for common caveats.

If you changed Slurm resource specifications, please make sure to update the environment variables in the job script if necessary.

Illegal memory access
---------------------------------

If you encounter the error message like ``CUDA error: an illegal memory access was encountered`` during rollout, most likely it is due to a known issue from vllm(<=0.6.3).
Please set the following environment variable. The env var must be set before the ``ray start`` command if any.

.. code:: bash

    export VLLM_ATTENTION_BACKEND=XFORMERS

If in doubt, print this env var in each rank to make sure it is properly set.

Checkpoints
------------------------

If you want to convert the model checkpoint into huggingface safetensor format, please refer to ``scripts/model_merger.py``.


Triton ``compile_module_from_src`` error
------------------------------------------------

If you encounter triton compilation error similar to the stacktrace below, please set the ``use_torch_compile`` flag according to
https://verl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/config.html to disable just-in-time compilation for fused kernels.

.. code:: bash

  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/jit.py", line 345, in <lambda>
    return lambda *args, **kwargs: self.run(grid=grid, warmup=False, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/autotuner.py", line 338, in run
    return self.fn.run(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/jit.py", line 607, in run
    device = driver.active.get_current_device()
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/driver.py", line 23, in __getattr__
    self._initialize_obj()
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/driver.py", line 20, in _initialize_obj
    self._obj = self._init_fn()
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/driver.py", line 9, in _create_driver
    return actives[0]()
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/backends/nvidia/driver.py", line 371, in __init__
    self.utils = CudaUtils()  # TODO: make static
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/backends/nvidia/driver.py", line 80, in __init__
    mod = compile_module_from_src(Path(os.path.join(dirname, "driver.c")).read_text(), "cuda_utils")
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/backends/nvidia/driver.py", line 57, in compile_module_from_src
    so = _build(name, src_path, tmpdir, library_dirs(), include_dir, libraries)
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/site-packages/triton/runtime/build.py", line 48, in _build
    ret = subprocess.check_call(cc_cmd)
  File "/data/lbh/conda_envs/verl/lib/python3.10/subprocess.py", line 369, in check_call
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)

What is the meaning of train batch size, mini batch size, and micro batch size?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This figure illustrates the relationship between different batch size configurations.

https://excalidraw.com/#json=pfhkRmiLm1jnnRli9VFhb,Ut4E8peALlgAUpr7E5pPCA

.. image:: https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/16aebad1-0da6-4eb3-806d-54a74e712c2d
