{"knowledge_schema": {"broad_category": "Chemistry \u2192 Thermodynamics \u2192 Enthalpy Changes", "refinement": "This problem specifically deals with the enthalpy of neutralization, which is the heat change that occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.", "specific_scope": "The calculation involves mixing specific volumes and concentrations of nitric acid (HNO3) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to determine the enthalpy change of the reaction.", "goal": "Calculate the enthalpy of neutralization for the given acid-base reaction and identify the correct value from the provided options."}, "summary": "This problem involves calculating the enthalpy of neutralization for the reaction between nitric acid and potassium hydroxide. It requires understanding the concepts of molarity, volume, and the heat change associated with the neutralization reaction. By determining the moles of each reactant and applying the appropriate thermodynamic principles, we can find the enthalpy change and select the correct answer from the given options."}