{"knowledge_schema": {"broad_category": "Chemistry \u2192 Organic Chemistry \u2192 Isomerism", "refinement": "This problem focuses on the concept of optical isomerism, which is a type of stereoisomerism where molecules can exist as non-superimposable mirror images (enantiomers).", "specific_scope": "The task is to identify which of the given organic compounds exhibit optical isomerism based on their structural features and the presence of chiral centers.", "goal": "Determine which of the listed compounds can exist as optical isomers due to their structural characteristics."}, "summary": "This problem involves the study of isomerism in organic chemistry, specifically focusing on optical isomerism. Optical isomers are compounds that can exist as non-superimposable mirror images, typically due to the presence of chiral centers. The task is to evaluate the given organic moieties to identify which ones exhibit this property. The correct answer indicates that compounds 1 and 2 show optical isomerism, highlighting the importance of structural arrangement in determining the optical activity of molecules."}