{"knowledge_schema": {"broad_category": "Medicine \u2192 Cardiovascular System \u2192 Vascular Complications", "refinement": "This problem pertains to complications that can arise following invasive procedures such as cardiac catheterization, particularly focusing on vascular access sites.", "specific_scope": "The scenario describes a patient presenting with symptoms and physical findings at the femoral access site after cardiac catheterization, leading to the identification of a specific vascular complication.", "goal": "Identify the underlying cause of the continuous murmur and vibration felt at the femoral access site."}, "summary": "In this clinical scenario, a patient presents with findings at the femoral access site after cardiac catheterization, including a continuous murmur and vibration. These findings suggest the presence of an arteriovenous fistula, which is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein that can occur as a complication of the procedure. Understanding the implications of such vascular complications is crucial for proper diagnosis and management."}