{"knowledge_schema": {"broad_category": "Statistics \u2192 Hypothesis Testing \u2192 Chi-Square Test", "refinement": "This problem involves testing the hypothesis of independent assortment in a genetic cross using observed and expected offspring phenotypes.", "specific_scope": "The focus is on analyzing the offspring phenotypes from a three-gene cross in pea plants to determine which combination would most likely lead to rejecting the hypothesis of independent assortment at a significance level of 0.05.", "goal": "Identify the combination of offspring phenotypes that shows a significant deviation from the expected ratios, indicating a rejection of the hypothesis of independent assortment."}, "summary": "In this problem, we are tasked with determining which combination of offspring phenotypes from a three-gene cross in pea plants would most likely lead to the rejection of the hypothesis of independent assortment using a chi-square test. The goal is to analyze the observed phenotypes and compare them to the expected ratios to find significant deviations. The combination that shows the greatest disparity from expected ratios is most likely to lead to rejection of the hypothesis at a significance level of 0.05."}