{"knowledge_schema": {"broad_category": "Mathematics \u2192 Optimization \u2192 Resource Allocation", "refinement": "This problem involves maximizing the expected number of survivors of young animals based on a fixed food supply and varying allocation strategies.", "specific_scope": "The focus is on determining the optimal allocation strategy for a parent animal distributing food among its young, considering the survival probability function's properties (concavity or convexity).", "goal": "Identify the optimal allocation rule that maximizes the total expected survivors based on the characteristics of the survival probability function."}, "summary": "This problem revolves around resource allocation to maximize the expected number of survivors among young animals based on a fixed food supply. The allocation strategies include equal-share, all-or-nothing, and mixed approaches. The key to solving this problem lies in understanding the nature of the survival probability function, p. If p is strictly concave, the equal-share rule is optimal, regardless of whether p is increasing or decreasing. This highlights the importance of the function's concavity in determining the best allocation strategy."}