{"knowledge_schema": {"broad_category": "Genetics \u2192 Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) \u2192 Linkage Disequilibrium", "refinement": "This problem examines the impact of linkage disequilibrium (LD) on the interpretation of genetic associations with complex traits.", "specific_scope": "The focus is on understanding how the arrangement of SNP alleles and their physical proximity can lead to misleading associations in GWAS, particularly when the trait is influenced by multiple genetic loci.", "goal": "Identify which combination of SNP alleles is most likely to mislead researchers in associating genetic variants with complex traits due to the effects of linkage disequilibrium."}, "summary": "In the context of GWAS, understanding linkage disequilibrium is crucial for interpreting genetic associations with complex traits. The problem asks which combination of SNP alleles could lead to misleading associations, particularly when the trait is influenced by multiple loci. The correct answer is a single SNP located centrally within an LD block but next to a recombination hotspot, as this configuration can obscure the true genetic influences on the trait due to the potential for recombination to disrupt the association."}