1. "It is not always easy to see which chemicals are contained in our consumer products. The following argument pertains to this question: First premise: It is not the case that Propylene oxide is an ingredient of Nobility. Second premise: It is false that Propylene oxide is an ingredient of Cover Pink, Core. Third premise: Every ingredient of Charged Up Cherry is neither an ingredient of Cover Pink, Core nor an ingredient of Nobility. It follows that propylene oxide is not an ingredient of Charged Up Cherry."
Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid?
Options:
- valid 
- invalid
2. "It is not always easy to see who is related to whom -- and in which ways. The following argument pertains to this question: First, some classmate of Sherry is not both a half-sister of Peggy and a great-grandmother of Sophie. Second, being a schoolmate of Leonor is sufficient for being a half-sister of Peggy. Third, everyone who is a schoolmate of Leonor is a great-grandmother of Sophie, too. We may conclude that there is somebody who is a classmate of Sherry and not a schoolmate of Leonor."
Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid?
Options:
- valid 
- invalid
3. "Here comes a perfectly valid argument: First premise: It is false that Cortney is a regular consumer of Pantene shampoo. Second premise: Whoever is a regular consumer of Kirk's soap or a regular consumer of Pantene shampoo is a regular consumer of Revlon shampoo. From this follows: It is false that Cortney is a regular consumer of Revlon shampoo."
Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid?
Options:
- valid 
- invalid
4. "It is not always easy to see which chemicals are contained in our consumer products. The following argument pertains to this question: To begin with, being an ingredient of Aquablush is sufficient for being an ingredient of NARS Duo Eyeshadow. Moreover, whatever is neither an ingredient of Stop and Stare nor an ingredient of A.D LIPSTICK CHIC is an ingredient of Lash Tinsel Mascara or an ingredient of Aquablush.finally, everything that is an ingredient of Lash Tinsel Mascara is an ingredient of NARS Duo Eyeshadow, too. Therefore, whatever is not an ingredient of NARS Duo Eyeshadow is however an ingredient of Stop and Stare or an ingredient of A.D LIPSTICK CHIC."
Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid?
Options:
- valid 
- invalid
5. "Here comes a perfectly valid argument: First premise: Whoever is an occasional purchaser of Suave shampoo is not a regular user of Ivory soap. We may conclude that being a regular user of Ivory soap is sufficient for not being an occasional purchaser of Suave shampoo."
Is the argument, given the explicitly stated premises, deductively valid or invalid?
Options:
- valid 
- invalid
