Based on prior knowledge, the feature "hours-per-week" can be a useful predictor for determining if a person earns more than $50,000 per year. Generally, individuals who work longer hours are more likely to earn a higher income.

To analyze the relationship between the feature "hours-per-week" and the target task of earning more than $50,000 per year, we can examine typical values for each target class.

Here is the dictionary with the associated values:

```json
{
    "no": [10, 20, 25, 30, 40],
    "yes": [45, 50, 55, 60, 70]
}
```

In the "no" category, individuals who earn less than $50,000 per year, typical hours-per-week values might range from 10 to 40 hours.

In the "yes" category, individuals who earn more than $50,000 per year, typical hours-per-week values might range from 45 to 70 hours.

Please note that these values are based on assumptions and general trends. The actual relationship between the feature "hours-per-week" and the target variable may vary depending on the specific dataset and other factors.