@String(PAMI = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.})
@String(IJCV = {Int. J. Comput. Vis.})
@String(CVPR= {IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recog.})
@String(ICCV= {Int. Conf. Comput. Vis.})
@String(ECCV= {Eur. Conf. Comput. Vis.})
@String(NIPS= {Adv. Neural Inform. Process. Syst.})
@String(ICPR = {Int. Conf. Pattern Recog.})
@String(BMVC= {Brit. Mach. Vis. Conf.})
@String(TOG= {ACM Trans. Graph.})
@String(TIP  = {IEEE Trans. Image Process.})
@String(TVCG  = {IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph.})
@String(TMM  = {IEEE Trans. Multimedia})
@String(ACMMM= {ACM Int. Conf. Multimedia})
@String(ICME = {Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo})
@String(ICASSP=	{ICASSP})
@String(ICIP = {IEEE Int. Conf. Image Process.})
@String(ACCV  = {ACCV})
@String(ICLR = {Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.})
@String(IJCAI = {IJCAI})
@String(PR   = {Pattern Recognition})
@String(AAAI = {AAAI})
@String(CVPRW= {IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recog. Worksh.})
@String(CSVT = {IEEE Trans. Circuit Syst. Video Technol.})

@String(SPL	= {IEEE Sign. Process. Letters})
@String(VR   = {Vis. Res.})
@String(JOV	 = {J. Vis.})
@String(TVC  = {The Vis. Comput.})
@String(JCST  = {J. Comput. Sci. Tech.})
@String(CGF  = {Comput. Graph. Forum})
@String(CVM = {Computational Visual Media})


@String(PAMI  = {IEEE TPAMI})
@String(IJCV  = {IJCV})
@String(CVPR  = {CVPR})
@String(ICCV  = {ICCV})
@String(ECCV  = {ECCV})
@String(NIPS  = {NeurIPS})
@String(ICPR  = {ICPR})
@String(BMVC  =	{BMVC})
@String(TOG   = {ACM TOG})
@String(TIP   = {IEEE TIP})
@String(TVCG  = {IEEE TVCG})
@String(TCSVT = {IEEE TCSVT})
@String(TMM   =	{IEEE TMM})
@String(ACMMM = {ACM MM})
@String(ICME  =	{ICME})
@String(ICASSP=	{ICASSP})
@String(ICIP  = {ICIP})
@String(ACCV  = {ACCV})
@String(ICLR  = {ICLR})
@String(IJCAI = {IJCAI})
@String(PR = {PR})
@String(AAAI = {AAAI})
@String(CVPRW= {CVPRW})
@String(CSVT = {IEEE TCSVT})



@misc{Authors14,
 author = {FirstName LastName},
 title = {The frobnicatable foo filter},
 note = {Face and Gesture submission ID 324. Supplied as supplemental material {\tt fg324.pdf}},
 year = 2014
}

@misc{Authors14b,
 author = {FirstName LastName},
 title = {Frobnication tutorial},
 note = {Supplied as supplemental material {\tt tr.pdf}},
 year = 2014
}

@article{Alpher02,
author = {FirstName Alpher},
title = {Frobnication},
journal = PAMI,
volume = 12,
number = 1,
pages = {234--778},
year = 2002
}

@article{Alpher03,
author = {FirstName Alpher and  FirstName Fotheringham-Smythe},
title = {Frobnication revisited},
journal = {Journal of Foo},
volume = 13,
number = 1,
pages = {234--778},
year = 2003
}

@article{Alpher04,
author = {FirstName Alpher and FirstName Fotheringham-Smythe and FirstName Gamow},
title = {Can a machine frobnicate?},
journal = {Journal of Foo},
volume = 14,
number = 1,
pages = {234--778},
year = 2004
}

@inproceedings{Alpher05,
author = {FirstName Alpher and FirstName Gamow},
title = {Can a computer frobnicate?},
booktitle = ICCV,
pages = {234--778},
year = 2005
}

% Med-Flamingo
@inproceedings{moor2023med,
  title={Med-flamingo: a multimodal medical few-shot learner},
  author={Moor, Michael and Huang, Qian and Wu, Shirley and Yasunaga, Michihiro and Dalmia, Yash and Leskovec, Jure and Zakka, Cyril and Reis, Eduardo Pontes and Rajpurkar, Pranav},
  booktitle={Machine Learning for Health (ML4H)},
  pages={353--367},
  year={2023},
  organization={PMLR}
}

% LLaVA-Med
@article{li2023llava,
  title={Llava-med: Training a large language-and-vision assistant for biomedicine in one day},
  author={Li, Chunyuan and Wong, Cliff and Zhang, Sheng and Usuyama, Naoto and Liu, Haotian and Yang, Jianwei and Naumann, Tristan and Poon, Hoifung and Gao, Jianfeng},
  journal={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  volume={36},
  pages={28541--28564},
  year={2023}
}

% Med-Gemini
@article{saab2024capabilities,
  title={Capabilities of gemini models in medicine},
  author={Saab, Khaled and Tu, Tao and Weng, Wei-Hung and Tanno, Ryutaro and Stutz, David and Wulczyn, Ellery and Zhang, Fan and Strother, Tim and Park, Chunjong and Vedadi, Elahe and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.18416},
  year={2024}
}

% Huatuo-GPT
@article{chen2024huatuogpt,
  title={Huatuogpt-vision, towards injecting medical visual knowledge into multimodal llms at scale},
  author={Chen, Junying and Gui, Chi and Ouyang, Ruyi and Gao, Anningzhe and Chen, Shunian and Chen, Guiming Hardy and Wang, Xidong and Zhang, Ruifei and Cai, Zhenyang and Ji, Ke and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.19280},
  year={2024}
}

% GMAI-VL
@article{li2024gmai,
  title={Gmai-vl \& gmai-vl-5.5 m: A large vision-language model and a comprehensive multimodal dataset towards general medical ai},
  author={Li, Tianbin and Su, Yanzhou and Li, Wei and Fu, Bin and Chen, Zhe and Huang, Ziyan and Wang, Guoan and Ma, Chenglong and Chen, Ying and Hu, Ming and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.14522},
  year={2024}
}

% MedMax
@article{bansal2024medmax,
  title={MedMax: Mixed-Modal Instruction Tuning for Training Biomedical Assistants},
  author={Bansal, Hritik and Israel, Daniel and Zhao, Siyan and Li, Shufan and Nguyen, Tung and Grover, Aditya},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.12661},
  year={2024}
}

% Lingshu
@article{xu2025lingshu,
  title={Lingshu: A Generalist Foundation Model for Unified Multimodal Medical Understanding and Reasoning},
  author={Xu, Weiwen and Chan, Hou Pong and Li, Long and Aljunied, Mahani and Yuan, Ruifeng and Wang, Jianyu and Xiao, Chenghao and Chen, Guizhen and Liu, Chaoqun and Li, Zhaodonghui and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.07044},
  year={2025}
}

% Hulu-Med
@article{jiang2025hulu,
  title={Hulu-Med: A Transparent Generalist Model towards Holistic Medical Vision-Language Understanding},
  author={Jiang, Songtao and Wang, Yuan and Song, Sibo and Hu, Tianxiang and Zhou, Chenyi and Pu, Bin and Zhang, Yan and Yang, Zhibo and Feng, Yang and Zhou, Joey Tianyi and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.08668},
  year={2025}
}

% MedTrinity
@inproceedings{xiemedtrinity,
  title={MedTrinity-25M: A Large-scale Multimodal Dataset with Multigranular Annotations for Medicine},
  author={Xie, Yunfei and Zhou, Ce and Gao, Lang and Wu, Juncheng and Li, Xianhang and Zhou, Hong-Yu and Liu, Sheng and Xing, Lei and Zou, James and Xie, Cihang and others},
  booktitle={The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations},
  year={2024}
}

% MeCoVQA
@inproceedings{huang2025towards,
  title={Towards a multimodal large language model with pixel-level insight for biomedicine},
  author={Huang, Xiaoshuang and Shen, Lingdong and Liu, Jia and Shang, Fangxin and Li, Hongxiang and Huang, Haifeng and Yang, Yehui},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  volume={39},
  pages={3779--3787},
  year={2025}
}

% Med-GRIT
@inproceedings{huang2024refer,
  title={A Refer-and-Ground Multimodal Large Language Model for Biomedicine},
  author={Huang, Xiaoshuang and Huang, Haifeng and Shen, Lingdong and Yang, Yehui and Shang, Fangxin and Liu, Junwei and Liu, Jia},
  booktitle={International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention},
  pages={399--409},
  year={2024}
}

% Aloe
@article{gururajan2024aloe,
  title={Aloe: A family of fine-tuned open healthcare llms},
  author={Gururajan, Ashwin Kumar and Lopez-Cuena, Enrique and Bayarri-Planas, Jordi and Tormos, Adrian and Hinjos, Daniel and Bernabeu-Perez, Pablo and Arias-Duart, Anna and Martin-Torres, Pablo Agustin and Urcelay-Ganzabal, Lucia and Gonzalez-Mallo, Marta and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.01886},
  year={2024}
}

% Cambrian
@article{tong2024cambrian,
  title={Cambrian-1: A fully open, vision-centric exploration of multimodal llms},
  author={Tong, Peter and Brown, Ellis and Wu, Penghao and Woo, Sanghyun and IYER, Adithya Jairam Vedagiri and Akula, Sai Charitha and Yang, Shusheng and Yang, Jihan and Middepogu, Manoj and Wang, Ziteng and others},
  journal={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  volume={37},
  pages={87310--87356},
  year={2024}
}

% Magpie-Ultra
@misc{huggingface_magpie_ultra,
  author       = {Argilla Team},
  title        = {Magpie-Ultra-v1.0 Dataset},
  year         = {2024},
  publisher    = {Hugging Face},
  url          = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/argilla/magpie-ultra-v1.0},
}

% SLAKE
@inproceedings{liu2021slake,
  title={Slake: A semantically-labeled knowledge-enhanced dataset for medical visual question answering},
  author={Liu, Bo and Zhan, Li Ming and Xu, Li and Ma, Lin and Yang, Yan and Wu, Xiao Ming},
  booktitle={18th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, ISBI 2021},
  pages={1650--1654},
  year={2021},
  organization={IEEE Computer Society}
}

% PathVQA
@article{he2020pathvqa,
  title={Pathvqa: 30000+ questions for medical visual question answering},
  author={He, Xuehai and Zhang, Yichen and Mou, Luntian and Xing, Eric and Xie, Pengtao},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.10286},
  year={2020}
}

% VQA-Rad
@article{lau2018dataset,
  title={A dataset of clinically generated visual questions and answers about radiology images},
  author={Lau, Jason J and Gayen, Soumya and Ben Abacha, Asma and Demner-Fushman, Dina},
  journal={Scientific data},
  volume={5},
  number={1},
  pages={1--10},
  year={2018},
  publisher={Nature Publishing Group}
}

% GMAI-MMBench
@article{ye2024gmai,
  title={Gmai-mmbench: A comprehensive multimodal evaluation benchmark towards general medical ai},
  author={Ye, Jin and Wang, Guoan and Li, Yanjun and Deng, Zhongying and Li, Wei and Li, Tianbin and Duan, Haodong and Huang, Ziyan and Su, Yanzhou and Wang, Benyou and others},
  journal={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  volume={37},
  pages={94327--94427},
  year={2024}
}

% OmniMedVQA
@inproceedings{hu2024omnimedvqa,
  title={Omnimedvqa: A new large-scale comprehensive evaluation benchmark for medical lvlm},
  author={Hu, Yutao and Li, Tianbin and Lu, Quanfeng and Shao, Wenqi and He, Junjun and Qiao, Yu and Luo, Ping},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
  pages={22170--22183},
  year={2024}
}

% PathMMU
@inproceedings{sun2024pathmmu,
  title={PathMMU: A Massive Multimodal Expert-Level Benchmark for Understanding and Reasoning in Pathology},
  author={Sun, Yuxuan and Wu, Hao and Zhu, Chenglu and Zheng, Sunyi and Chen, Qizi and Zhang, Kai and Zhang, Yunlong and Wan, Dan and Lan, Xiaoxiao and Zheng, Mengyue and others},
  booktitle={ECCV (62)},
  year={2024}
}

% ProbMed
@inproceedings{yan2025worse,
  title={Worse than random? an embarrassingly simple probing evaluation of large multimodal models in medical vqa},
  author={Yan, Qianqi and He, Xuehai and Yue, Xiang and Wang, Xin Eric},
  booktitle={Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025},
  pages={19188--19205},
  year={2025}
}

% VLMEvalKit
@inproceedings{duan2024vlmevalkit,
  title={Vlmevalkit: An open-source toolkit for evaluating large multi-modality models},
  author={Duan, Haodong and Yang, Junming and Qiao, Yuxuan and Fang, Xinyu and Chen, Lin and Liu, Yuan and Dong, Xiaoyi and Zang, Yuhang and Zhang, Pan and Wang, Jiaqi and others},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 32nd ACM international conference on multimedia},
  pages={11198--11201},
  year={2024}
}

% MMMU
@inproceedings{yue2024mmmu,
  title={Mmmu: A massive multi-discipline multimodal understanding and reasoning benchmark for expert agi},
  author={Yue, Xiang and Ni, Yuansheng and Zhang, Kai and Zheng, Tianyu and Liu, Ruoqi and Zhang, Ge and Stevens, Samuel and Jiang, Dongfu and Ren, Weiming and Sun, Yuxuan and others},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
  pages={9556--9567},
  year={2024}
}

% MMLU
@inproceedings{hendrycksmeasuring,
  title={Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding},
  author={Hendrycks, Dan and Burns, Collin and Basart, Steven and Zou, Andy and Mazeika, Mantas and Song, Dawn and Steinhardt, Jacob},
  booktitle={International Conference on Learning Representations},
  year={2021},
}

% MultiMedQA
@article{singhal2023publisher,
  title={Publisher Correction: Large language models encode clinical knowledge},
  author={Singhal, Karan and Azizi, Shekoofeh and Tu, Tao and Mahdavi, S Sara and Wei, Jason and Chung, Hyung Won and Scales, Nathan and Tanwani, Ajay and Cole-Lewis, Heather and Pfohl, Stephen and others},
  journal={Nature},
  volume={620},
  number={7973},
  pages={19--19},
  year={2023},
  publisher={Nature}
}

% Qwen2-VL
@article{wang2024qwen2,
  title={Qwen2-vl: Enhancing vision-language model's perception of the world at any resolution},
  author={Wang, Peng and Bai, Shuai and Tan, Sinan and Wang, Shijie and Fan, Zhihao and Bai, Jinze and Chen, Keqin and Liu, Xuejing and Wang, Jialin and Ge, Wenbin and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.12191},
  year={2024}
}

% Fracatlas
@article{abedeen2023fracatlas,
  title={Fracatlas: A dataset for fracture classification, localization and segmentation of musculoskeletal radiographs},
  author={Abedeen, Iftekharul and Rahman, Md Ashiqur and Prottyasha, Fatema Zohra and Ahmed, Tasnim and Chowdhury, Tareque Mohmud and Shatabda, Swakkhar},
  journal={Scientific data},
  volume={10},
  number={1},
  pages={521},
  year={2023},
  publisher={Nature Publishing Group UK London}
}


% PALM 
@article{fang2024open,
  title={Open fundus photograph dataset with pathologic myopia recognition and anatomical structure annotation},
  author={Fang, Huihui and Li, Fei and Wu, Junde and Fu, Huazhu and Sun, Xu and Orlando, Jos{\'e} Ignacio and Bogunovi{\'c}, Hrvoje and Zhang, Xiulan and Xu, Yanwu},
  journal={Scientific data},
  volume={11},
  number={1},
  pages={99},
  year={2024},
  publisher={Nature Publishing Group UK London}
}

% CareQA
@inproceedings{arias2025automatic,
  title={Automatic Evaluation of Healthcare LLMs Beyond Question-Answering},
  author={Arias-Duart, Anna and Martin-Torres, Pablo Agustin and Hinjos, Daniel and Bernabeu-Perez, Pablo and Ganzabal, Lucia Urcelay and Mallo, Marta Gonzalez and Gururajan, Ashwin Kumar and Lopez-Cuena, Enrique and Alvarez-Napagao, Sergio and Garcia-Gasulla, Dario},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 2: Short Papers)},
  pages={108--130},
  year={2025}
}

% Qwen2.5
@article{yang2025qwen3,
  title={Qwen3 technical report},
  author={Yang, An and Li, Anfeng and Yang, Baosong and Zhang, Beichen and Hui, Binyuan and Zheng, Bo and Yu, Bowen and Gao, Chang and Huang, Chengen and Lv, Chenxu and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.09388},
  year={2025}
}


@article{garcia2025aloe,
  title={The Aloe Family Recipe for Open and Specialized Healthcare LLMs},
  author={Garcia-Gasulla, Dario and Bayarri-Planas, Jordi and Gururajan, Ashwin Kumar and Lopez-Cuena, Enrique and Tormos, Adrian and Hinjos, Daniel and Bernabeu-Perez, Pablo and Arias-Duart, Anna and Martin-Torres, Pablo Agustin and Gonzalez-Mallo, Marta and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.04388},
  year={2025}
}

# dentex1
@inproceedings{hamamci2023diffusion,
  title={Diffusion-based hierarchical multi-label object detection to analyze panoramic dental x-rays},
  author={Hamamci, Ibrahim Ethem and Er, Sezgin and Simsar, Enis and Sekuboyina, Anjany and Gundogar, Mustafa and Stadlinger, Bernd and Mehl, Albert and Menze, Bjoern},
  booktitle={International conference on medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention},
  pages={389--399},
  year={2023},
  organization={Springer}
}

#dentex2
@article{hamamci2023dentex,
  title={Dentex: An abnormal tooth detection with dental enumeration and diagnosis benchmark for panoramic x-rays},
  author={Hamamci, Ibrahim Ethem and Er, Sezgin and Simsar, Enis and Yuksel, Atif Emre and Gultekin, Sadullah and Ozdemir, Serife Damla and Yang, Kaiyuan and Li, Hongwei Bran and Pati, Sarthak and Stadlinger, Bernd and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.19112},
  year={2023}
}


%ISIC
@inproceedings{codella2018skin,
  title={Skin lesion analysis toward melanoma detection: A challenge at the 2017 international symposium on biomedical imaging (isbi), hosted by the international skin imaging collaboration (isic)},
  author={Codella, Noel CF and Gutman, David and Celebi, M Emre and Helba, Brian and Marchetti, Michael A and Dusza, Stephen W and Kalloo, Aadi and Liopyris, Konstantinos and Mishra, Nabin and Kittler, Harald and others},
  booktitle={2018 IEEE 15th international symposium on biomedical imaging (ISBI 2018)},
  pages={168--172},
  year={2018},
  organization={IEEE}
}

%GPT4
@article{achiam2023gpt,
  title={Gpt-4 technical report},
  author={Achiam, Josh and Adler, Steven and Agarwal, Sandhini and Ahmad, Lama and Akkaya, Ilge and Aleman, Florencia Leoni and Almeida, Diogo and Altenschmidt, Janko and Altman, Sam and Anadkat, Shyamal and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.08774},
  year={2023}
}

% Perceptual hash
@misc{imagehash,
  author       = {Buchner, Johannes},
  title        = {imagehash: Perceptual Image Hashing in Python},
  year         = {2025},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/JohannesBuchner/imagehash}},
  note         = {GitHub repository}
}

% robustness studies
@article{zhu2024unraveling,
  title={Unraveling cross-modality knowledge conflicts in large vision-language models},
  author={Zhu, Tinghui and Liu, Qin and Wang, Fei and Tu, Zhengzhong and Chen, Muhao},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.03659},
  year={2024}
}
@article{zhang2025modalities,
  title={When Modalities Conflict: How Unimodal Reasoning Uncertainty Governs Preference Dynamics in MLLMs},
  author={Zhang, Zhuoran and Wang, Tengyue and Gong, Xilin and Shi, Yang and Wang, Haotian and Wang, Di and Hu, Lijie},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.02243},
  year={2025}
}
@inproceedings{deng2025words,
  title={Words or Vision: Do Vision-Language Models Have Blind Faith in Text?},
  author={Deng, Ailin and Cao, Tri and Chen, Zhirui and Hooi, Bryan},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference},
  pages={3867--3876},
  year={2025}
}

% Chiron
@article{sun2025enhancing,
  title={Enhancing Step-by-Step and Verifiable Medical Reasoning in MLLMs},
  author={Sun, Haoran and Jiang, Yankai and Lou, Wenjie and Zhang, Yujie and Li, Wenjie and Wang, Lilong and Liu, Mianxin and Liu, Lei and Wang, Xiaosong},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.16962},
  year={2025}
}

% Kimi-VL
@article{team2025kimi,
  title={Kimi-vl technical report},
  author={Team, Kimi and Du, Angang and Yin, Bohong and Xing, Bowei and Qu, Bowen and Wang, Bowen and Chen, Cheng and Zhang, Chenlin and Du, Chenzhuang and Wei, Chu and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.07491},
  year={2025}
}

% MiMo-VL
@article{yue2025mimo,
  title={MiMo-VL Technical Report},
  author={Yue, Zihao and Lin, Zhenru and Song, Yifan and Wang, Weikun and Ren, Shuhuai and Gu, Shuhao and Li, Shicheng and Li, Peidian and Zhao, Liang and Li, Lei and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.03569},
  year={2025}
}

% GLM 4.5V
@article{hong2025glm,
  title={GLM-4.1 V-Thinking: Towards Versatile Multimodal Reasoning with Scalable Reinforcement Learning},
  author={Hong, Wenyi and Yu, Wenmeng and Gu, Xiaotao and Wang, Guo and Gan, Guobing and Tang, Haomiao and Cheng, Jiale and Qi, Ji and Ji, Junhui and Pan, Lihang and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.01006},
  year={2025}
}

%Qwen 2.5
@article{yang2025qwen2,
  title={Qwen2. 5-1m technical report},
  author={Yang, An and Yu, Bowen and Li, Chengyuan and Liu, Dayiheng and Huang, Fei and Huang, Haoyan and Jiang, Jiandong and Tu, Jianhong and Zhang, Jianwei and Zhou, Jingren and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.15383},
  year={2025}
}

%Qwen 3
@article{bai2025qwen3,
  title={Qwen3-VL Technical Report},
  author={Bai, Shuai and Cai, Yuxuan and Chen, Ruizhe and Chen, Keqin and Chen, Xionghui and Cheng, Zesen and Deng, Lianghao and Ding, Wei and Gao, Chang and Ge, Chunjiang and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.21631},
  year={2025}
}

% Yi
@article{young2024yi,
  title={Yi: Open foundation models by 01. ai},
  author={Young, Alex and Chen, Bei and Li, Chao and Huang, Chengen and Zhang, Ge and Zhang, Guanwei and Wang, Guoyin and Li, Heng and Zhu, Jiangcheng and Chen, Jianqun and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.04652},
  year={2024}
}

% HEART Adversarial
@inproceedings{heart2025,
  author       = {Su\'arez-Fern\'andez, Mart\'in and Lopez-Cuena, Enrique and Guasch-Mart\'i, Jaume and Garcia-Gasulla, Dario and Arias-Duart, Anna},
  title        = {{HEART} {A}ttacks: {H}ealthcare {E}valuation of {A}dversarial {R}obusTness},
  year         = {2026},
  booktitle={ACM FAccT 2026 (Under Review)},
}

%TRL
@misc{vonwerra2022trl,
  author = {Leandro von Werra and Younes Belkada and Lewis Tunstall and Edward Beeching and Tristan Thrush and Nathan Lambert and Shengyi Huang and Kashif Rasul and Quentin Gallou\'edec},
  title = {TRL: Transformer Reinforcement Learning},
  year = {2020},
  publisher = {GitHub},
  journal = {GitHub repository},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/huggingface/trl}}
}

# Med-Palm2
@article{singhal2023towards,
  title={Towards expert-level medical question answering with large language models. 2023},
  author={Singhal, Karan and Tu, Tao and Gottweis, Juraj and Sayres, Rory and Wulczyn, Ellery and Hou, Le and Clark, Kevin and Pfohl, Stephen and Cole-Lewis, Heather and Neal, Darlene and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.09617},
  volume={10},
  year={2023}
}

# Meditron
@article{chen2023meditron,
  title={Meditron-70b: Scaling medical pretraining for large language models},
  author={Chen, Zeming and Cano, Alejandro Hern{\'a}ndez and Romanou, Angelika and Bonnet, Antoine and Matoba, Kyle and Salvi, Francesco and Pagliardini, Matteo and Fan, Simin and K{\"o}pf, Andreas and Mohtashami, Amirkeivan and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.16079},
  year={2023}
}

@article{sellergren2025medgemma,
  title={Medgemma technical report},
  author={Sellergren, Andrew and Kazemzadeh, Sahar and Jaroensri, Tiam and Kiraly, Atilla and Traverse, Madeleine and Kohlberger, Timo and Xu, Shawn and Jamil, Fayaz and Hughes, C{\'\i}an and Lau, Charles and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.05201},
  year={2025}
}

# llava
@article{liu2023visual,
  title={Visual instruction tuning},
  author={Liu, Haotian and Li, Chunyuan and Wu, Qingyang and Lee, Yong Jae},
  journal={Advances in neural information processing systems},
  volume={36},
  pages={34892--34916},
  year={2023}
}

# qwen-vl
@article{bai2023qwen,
  title={Qwen-vl: A versatile vision-language model for understanding, localization},
  author={Bai, Jinze and Bai, Shuai and Yang, Shusheng and Wang, Shijie and Tan, Sinan and Wang, Peng and Lin, Junyang and Zhou, Chang and Zhou, Jingren},
  journal={Text Reading, and Beyond},
  volume={2},
  pages={1},
  year={2023}
}

% lm-eval-harness
@misc{eval-harness,
  author       = {Gao, Leo and Tow, Jonathan and Abbasi, Baber and Biderman, Stella and Black, Sid and DiPofi, Anthony and Foster, Charles and Golding, Laurence and Hsu, Jeffrey and Le Noac'h, Alain and Li, Haonan and McDonell, Kyle and Muennighoff, Niklas and Ociepa, Chris and Phang, Jason and Reynolds, Laria and Schoelkopf, Hailey and Skowron, Aviya and Sutawika, Lintang and Tang, Eric and Thite, Anish and Wang, Ben and Wang, Kevin and Zou, Andy},
  title        = {The Language Model Evaluation Harness},
  month        = 07,
  year         = 2024,
  publisher    = {Zenodo},
  version      = {v0.4.3},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.12608602},
  url          = {https://zenodo.org/records/12608602}
}

% Krippendorf's alhpa
@article{krippendorff2011computing,
  title={Computing Krippendorff's alpha-reliability},
  author={Krippendorff, Klaus},
  year={2011}
}

% Llama 3 
@article{grattafiori2024llama,
  title={The llama 3 herd of models},
  author={Grattafiori, Aaron and Dubey, Abhimanyu and Jauhri, Abhinav and Pandey, Abhinav and Kadian, Abhishek and Al-Dahle, Ahmad and Letman, Aiesha and Mathur, Akhil and Schelten, Alan and Vaughan, Alex and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.21783},
  year={2024}
}

% Olmo 3
@article{olmo2025olmo,
  title={Olmo 3},
  author={Olmo, Team and Ettinger, Allyson and Bertsch, Amanda and Kuehl, Bailey and Graham, David and Heineman, David and Groeneveld, Dirk and Brahman, Faeze and Timbers, Finbarr and Ivison, Hamish and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.13961},
  year={2025}
}

% GPT-5.2
@misc{openai_gpt52,
  author       = {OpenAI},
  title        = {GPT-5.2},
  year         = {2025},
  howpublished = {\url{https://openai.com/index/introducing-gpt-5-2/}}
}