\begin{thebibliography}{29}
\expandafter\ifx\csname natexlab\endcsname\relax\def\natexlab#1{#1}\fi
\providecommand{\url}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\providecommand{\href}[2]{#2}
\providecommand{\path}[1]{#1}
\providecommand{\DOIprefix}{doi:}
\providecommand{\ArXivprefix}{arXiv:}
\providecommand{\URLprefix}{URL: }
\providecommand{\Pubmedprefix}{pmid:}
\providecommand{\doi}[1]{\href{http://dx.doi.org/#1}{\path{#1}}}
\providecommand{\Pubmed}[1]{\href{pmid:#1}{\path{#1}}}
\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}
\ifx\xfnm\relax \def\xfnm[#1]{\unskip,\space#1}\fi
%Type = Misc
\bibitem[{OpenAI(2023)}]{OpenAI_2023_GPT-4_Technical_Report}
\bibinfo{author}{OpenAI}, \bibinfo{title}{{{GPT-4 Technical Report}}}, \bibinfo{year}{2023}. \URLprefix \url{https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.08774}.
%Type = Article
\bibitem[{Dubey et~al.(2024)Dubey, Jauhri, Pandey, Kadian, Al-Dahle, Letman, Mathur, Schelten, Yang, Fan et~al.}]{dubey2024llama}
\bibinfo{author}{A.~Dubey}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Jauhri}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Pandey}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Kadian}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Al-Dahle}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Letman}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Mathur}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Schelten}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Yang}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Fan}, et~al.,
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{The llama 3 herd of models},
\newblock \bibinfo{journal}{arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.21783}  (\bibinfo{year}{2024}).
%Type = Misc
\bibitem[{DeepSeek-AI(2024)}]{deepseekai2024deepseekv3technicalreport}
\bibinfo{author}{DeepSeek-AI}, \bibinfo{title}{Deepseek-v3 technical report}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}. \URLprefix \url{https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.19437}. \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.19437}{{\tt arXiv:2412.19437}}.
%Type = Article
\bibitem[{Dugan et~al.(2023)Dugan, Ippolito, Kirubarajan, Shi, and Callison-Burch}]{Dugan_Ippolito_Kirubarajan_Shi_Callison-Burch_2023}
\bibinfo{author}{L.~Dugan}, \bibinfo{author}{D.~Ippolito}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Kirubarajan}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Shi}, \bibinfo{author}{C.~Callison-Burch},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Real or fake text?: Investigating human ability to detect boundaries between human-written and machine-generated text},
\newblock \bibinfo{journal}{Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence} \bibinfo{volume}{37} (\bibinfo{year}{2023}) \bibinfo{pages}{12763--12771}. \URLprefix \url{https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/26501}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26501}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Puccetti et~al.(2024)Puccetti, Rogers, Alzetta, Dell’Orletta, and Esuli}]{Puccetti_2024}
\bibinfo{author}{G.~Puccetti}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Rogers}, \bibinfo{author}{C.~Alzetta}, \bibinfo{author}{F.~Dell’Orletta}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Esuli},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{AI} ‘news’ content farms are easy to make and hard to detect: A case study in italian},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{Association for Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}, p. \bibinfo{pages}{15312–15338}. \URLprefix \url{http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.817}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.817}.
%Type = Article
\bibitem[{Kasneci et~al.(2023)Kasneci, Sessler, Küchemann, Bannert, Dementieva, Fischer, Gasser, Groh, Günnemann, Hüllermeier, Krusche, Kutyniok, Michaeli, Nerdel, Pfeffer, Poquet, Sailer, Schmidt, Seidel, Stadler, Weller, Kuhn, and Kasneci}]{KASNECI2023102274}
\bibinfo{author}{E.~Kasneci}, \bibinfo{author}{K.~Sessler}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Küchemann}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Bannert}, \bibinfo{author}{D.~Dementieva}, \bibinfo{author}{F.~Fischer}, \bibinfo{author}{U.~Gasser}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Groh}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Günnemann}, \bibinfo{author}{E.~Hüllermeier}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Krusche}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Kutyniok}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Michaeli}, \bibinfo{author}{C.~Nerdel}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Pfeffer}, \bibinfo{author}{O.~Poquet}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Sailer}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Schmidt}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Seidel}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Stadler}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Weller}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Kuhn}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Kasneci},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Chatgpt for good? on opportunities and challenges of large language models for education},
\newblock \bibinfo{journal}{Learning and Individual Differences} \bibinfo{volume}{103} (\bibinfo{year}{2023}) \bibinfo{pages}{102274}. \URLprefix \url{https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1041608023000195}. \DOIprefix\doi{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2023.102274}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Corazza et~al.(2025)Corazza, Longo, Zilli, Di~Sante, Sapienza, and Palmirani}]{corazza2025hybrid}
\bibinfo{author}{M.~Corazza}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Longo}, \bibinfo{author}{L.~Zilli}, \bibinfo{author}{E.~Di~Sante}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Sapienza}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Palmirani},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Hybrid ai enhancing european drafting legislation for a better regulation},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{2025 Eleventh International Conference on eDemocracy \& eGovernment (ICEDEG)}, \bibinfo{organization}{IEEE}, \bibinfo{year}{2025}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{106--113}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Li et~al.(2024)Li, Li, Cui, Bi, Wang, Wang, Yang, Shi, and Zhang}]{li-etal-2024-mage}
\bibinfo{author}{Y.~Li}, \bibinfo{author}{Q.~Li}, \bibinfo{author}{L.~Cui}, \bibinfo{author}{W.~Bi}, \bibinfo{author}{Z.~Wang}, \bibinfo{author}{L.~Wang}, \bibinfo{author}{L.~Yang}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Shi}, \bibinfo{author}{Y.~Zhang},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{MAGE}: Machine-generated text detection in the wild},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{L.-W. Ku}, \bibinfo{editor}{A.~Martins}, \bibinfo{editor}{V.~Srikumar} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{Association for Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{address}{Bangkok, Thailand}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{36--53}. \URLprefix \url{https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.3/}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.3}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Hu et~al.(2023)Hu, Chen, and Ho}]{DBLP:conf/nips/HuCH23}
\bibinfo{author}{X.~Hu}, \bibinfo{author}{P.-Y. Chen}, \bibinfo{author}{T.-Y. Ho},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{RADAR:} robust ai-text detection via adversarial learning},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36: Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems 2023, NeurIPS 2023, New Orleans, LA, USA, December 10 - 16, 2023}, \bibinfo{year}{2023}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Abassy et~al.(2024)Abassy, Elozeiri, Aziz, Ta, Tomar, Adhikari, Ahmed, Wang, Mohammed~Afzal, Xie, Mansurov, Artemova, Mikhailov, Xing, Geng, Iqbal, Mujahid, Mahmoud, Tsvigun, Aji, Shelmanov, Habash, Gurevych, and Nakov}]{abassy-etal-2024-llm}
\bibinfo{author}{M.~Abassy}, \bibinfo{author}{K.~Elozeiri}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Aziz}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~N. Ta}, \bibinfo{author}{R.~V. Tomar}, \bibinfo{author}{B.~Adhikari}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~E.~D. Ahmed}, \bibinfo{author}{Y.~Wang}, \bibinfo{author}{O.~Mohammed~Afzal}, \bibinfo{author}{Z.~Xie}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Mansurov}, \bibinfo{author}{E.~Artemova}, \bibinfo{author}{V.~Mikhailov}, \bibinfo{author}{R.~Xing}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Geng}, \bibinfo{author}{H.~Iqbal}, \bibinfo{author}{Z.~M. Mujahid}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Mahmoud}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Tsvigun}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~F. Aji}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Shelmanov}, \bibinfo{author}{N.~Habash}, \bibinfo{author}{I.~Gurevych}, \bibinfo{author}{P.~Nakov},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{LLM}-{D}etect{AI}ve: a tool for fine-grained machine-generated text detection},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{D.~I. Hernandez~Farias}, \bibinfo{editor}{T.~Hope}, \bibinfo{editor}{M.~Li} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations}, \bibinfo{publisher}{Association for Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{address}{Miami, Florida, USA}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{336--343}. \URLprefix \url{https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-demo.35/}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-demo.35}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Pedrotti et~al.(2025)Pedrotti, Papucci, Ciaccio, Miaschi, Puccetti, Dell'Orletta, and Esuli}]{pedrotti2025stresstestingmachinegeneratedtext}
\bibinfo{author}{A.~Pedrotti}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Papucci}, \bibinfo{author}{C.~Ciaccio}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Miaschi}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Puccetti}, \bibinfo{author}{F.~Dell'Orletta}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Esuli},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Stress-testing machine generated text detection: Shifting language models writing style to fool detectors},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{W.~Che}, \bibinfo{editor}{J.~Nabende}, \bibinfo{editor}{E.~Shutova}, \bibinfo{editor}{M.~T. Pilehvar} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025}, \bibinfo{publisher}{Association for Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{address}{Vienna, Austria}, \bibinfo{year}{2025}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{3010--3031}. \URLprefix \url{https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.156/}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.156}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Wang et~al.(2024)Wang, Mansurov, Ivanov, Su, Shelmanov, Tsvigun, Afzal, Mahmoud, Puccetti, and Arnold}]{DBLP:conf/semeval/WangMISSTAMPA24}
\bibinfo{author}{Y.~Wang}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Mansurov}, \bibinfo{author}{P.~Ivanov}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Su}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Shelmanov}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Tsvigun}, \bibinfo{author}{O.~M. Afzal}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Mahmoud}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Puccetti}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Arnold},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Semeval-2024 task 8: Multidomain, multimodel and multilingual machine-generated text detection},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{A.~K. Ojha}, \bibinfo{editor}{A.~S. Dogru{\"{o}}z}, \bibinfo{editor}{H.~T. Madabushi}, \bibinfo{editor}{G.~D.~S. Martino}, \bibinfo{editor}{S.~Rosenthal}, \bibinfo{editor}{A.~Ros{\'{a}}} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 20-21, 2024}, \bibinfo{publisher}{Association for Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{2057--2079}. \URLprefix \url{https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.semeval-1.279}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.18653/V1/2024.SEMEVAL-1.279}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Wang et~al.(2025)Wang, Shelmanov, Mansurov, Tsvigun, Mikhailov, Xing, Xie, Geng, Puccetti, Artemova, Su, Ta, Abassy, Elozeiri, El~Etter, Goloburda, Mahmoud, Tomar, Laiyk, Mohammed~Afzal, Koike, Kaneko, Aji, Habash, Gurevych, and Nakov}]{wang-etal-2025-genai}
\bibinfo{author}{Y.~Wang}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Shelmanov}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Mansurov}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Tsvigun}, \bibinfo{author}{V.~Mikhailov}, \bibinfo{author}{R.~Xing}, \bibinfo{author}{Z.~Xie}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Geng}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Puccetti}, \bibinfo{author}{E.~Artemova}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Su}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~N. Ta}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Abassy}, \bibinfo{author}{K.~A. Elozeiri}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~E. D.~A. El~Etter}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Goloburda}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Mahmoud}, \bibinfo{author}{R.~V. Tomar}, \bibinfo{author}{N.~Laiyk}, \bibinfo{author}{O.~Mohammed~Afzal}, \bibinfo{author}{R.~Koike}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Kaneko}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~F. Aji}, \bibinfo{author}{N.~Habash}, \bibinfo{author}{I.~Gurevych}, \bibinfo{author}{P.~Nakov},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{G}en{AI} content detection task 1: {E}nglish and multilingual machine-generated text detection: {AI} vs. human},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{F.~Alam}, \bibinfo{editor}{P.~Nakov}, \bibinfo{editor}{N.~Habash}, \bibinfo{editor}{I.~Gurevych}, \bibinfo{editor}{S.~Chowdhury}, \bibinfo{editor}{A.~Shelmanov}, \bibinfo{editor}{Y.~Wang}, \bibinfo{editor}{E.~Artemova}, \bibinfo{editor}{M.~Kutlu}, \bibinfo{editor}{G.~Mikros} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 1stWorkshop on GenAI Content Detection (GenAIDetect)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{International Conference on Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{address}{Abu Dhabi, UAE}, \bibinfo{year}{2025}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{244--261}. \URLprefix \url{https://aclanthology.org/2025.genaidetect-1.27/}.
%Type = Misc
\bibitem[{Wang et~al.(2024)Wang, Mansurov, Ivanov, Su, Shelmanov, Tsvigun, Afzal, Mahmoud, Puccetti, Arnold, Aji, Habash, Gurevych, and Nakov}]{wang2024m4gtbench}
\bibinfo{author}{Y.~Wang}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Mansurov}, \bibinfo{author}{P.~Ivanov}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Su}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Shelmanov}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Tsvigun}, \bibinfo{author}{O.~M. Afzal}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Mahmoud}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Puccetti}, \bibinfo{author}{T.~Arnold}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~F. Aji}, \bibinfo{author}{N.~Habash}, \bibinfo{author}{I.~Gurevych}, \bibinfo{author}{P.~Nakov}, \bibinfo{title}{M4gt-bench: Evaluation benchmark for black-box machine-generated text detection}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}. \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.11175}{{\tt arXiv:2402.11175}}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Cutugno et~al.(2026)Cutugno, Miaschi, Aprosio, Rambelli, Siciliani, and Stranisci}]{evalita2026overview}
\bibinfo{author}{F.~Cutugno}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Miaschi}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~P. Aprosio}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Rambelli}, \bibinfo{author}{L.~Siciliani}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~A. Stranisci},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Evalita 2026: Overview of the 9th evaluation campaign of natural language processing and speech tools for italian},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Mitchell et~al.(2023)Mitchell, Lee, Khazatsky, Manning, and Finn}]{mitchell_detectgpt_2023}
\bibinfo{author}{E.~Mitchell}, \bibinfo{author}{Y.~Lee}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Khazatsky}, \bibinfo{author}{C.~D. Manning}, \bibinfo{author}{C.~Finn},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Detectgpt: zero-shot machine-generated text detection using probability curvature},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Machine Learning}, ICML'23, \bibinfo{publisher}{JMLR.org}, \bibinfo{year}{2023}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Mattei et~al.(2020)Mattei, Cafagna, Dell'Orletta, Nissim, and Gatt}]{demattei-etal-2020-changeit}
\bibinfo{author}{L.~D. Mattei}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Cafagna}, \bibinfo{author}{F.~Dell'Orletta}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Nissim}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Gatt},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{CHANGE-IT @ EVALITA 2020}: Change headlines, adapt news, generate},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{V.~Basile}, \bibinfo{editor}{D.~Croce}, \bibinfo{editor}{M.~D. Maro}, \bibinfo{editor}{L.~C. Passaro} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of Seventh Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2020)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Online}, \bibinfo{year}{2020}.
%Type = Article
\bibitem[{Xu et~al.(2022)Xu, Escalera, Pavão, Richard, Tu, Yao, Zhao, and Guyon}]{XU2022100543}
\bibinfo{author}{Z.~Xu}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Escalera}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Pavão}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Richard}, \bibinfo{author}{W.-W. Tu}, \bibinfo{author}{Q.~Yao}, \bibinfo{author}{H.~Zhao}, \bibinfo{author}{I.~Guyon},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Codabench: Flexible, easy-to-use, and reproducible meta-benchmark platform},
\newblock \bibinfo{journal}{Patterns} \bibinfo{volume}{3} (\bibinfo{year}{2022}) \bibinfo{pages}{100543}. \URLprefix \url{https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666389922001465}. \DOIprefix\doi{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2022.100543}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Nhan et~al.(2026)Nhan, Son1, and Thin}]{desegma2026gradientdescenders}
\bibinfo{author}{T.~P.~T. Nhan}, \bibinfo{author}{B.~H. Son1}, \bibinfo{author}{D.~V. Thin},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Gradient descenders at {DeSegMa-IT}: Leveraging monolingual transformer for {LLM}-generated text detection and boundary identification},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Scozzaro et~al.(2026)Scozzaro, Rinaldi, Mittone, and Stranisci}]{desegma2026kenjiendo}
\bibinfo{author}{C.~J. Scozzaro}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Rinaldi}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~Mittone}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~A. Stranisci},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{Kenji-Endo}: a {BabyLM} at {EVALITA 2026}},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Borazio et~al.(2026)Borazio, Luca, Pasquini, Croce, and Basili}]{desegma2026unitor}
\bibinfo{author}{F.~Borazio}, \bibinfo{author}{G.~D. Luca}, \bibinfo{author}{D.~Pasquini}, \bibinfo{author}{D.~Croce}, \bibinfo{author}{R.~Basili},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{UniTor} at {DeSegMa-IT}\: Analyzing supervision and encoder representations for italian machine-generated text detection},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Mattei et~al.(2020)Mattei, Cafagna, Dell'Orletta, Nissim, and Gatt}]{changeit_2020}
\bibinfo{author}{L.~D. Mattei}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Cafagna}, \bibinfo{author}{F.~Dell'Orletta}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Nissim}, \bibinfo{author}{A.~Gatt},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{CHANGE-IT} @ {EVALITA} 2020: Change headlines, adapt news, generate (short paper)},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{V.~Basile}, \bibinfo{editor}{D.~Croce}, \bibinfo{editor}{M.~D. Maro}, \bibinfo{editor}{L.~C. Passaro} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Seventh Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop {(EVALITA} 2020), Online event, December 17th, 2020}, volume \bibinfo{volume}{2765} of \textit{\bibinfo{series}{{CEUR} Workshop Proceedings}}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR-WS.org}, \bibinfo{year}{2020}. \URLprefix \url{https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2765/paper169.pdf}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Dubey(2024)}]{dubey-2024-evaluating}
\bibinfo{author}{K.~Dubey},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Evaluating the fairness of task-adaptive pretraining on unlabeled test data before few-shot text classification},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{editor}{D.~Hupkes}, \bibinfo{editor}{V.~Dankers}, \bibinfo{editor}{K.~Batsuren}, \bibinfo{editor}{A.~Kazemnejad}, \bibinfo{editor}{C.~Christodoulopoulos}, \bibinfo{editor}{M.~Giulianelli}, \bibinfo{editor}{R.~Cotterell} (Eds.), \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the 2nd GenBench Workshop on Generalisation (Benchmarking) in NLP}, \bibinfo{publisher}{Association for Computational Linguistics}, \bibinfo{address}{Miami, Florida, USA}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}, pp. \bibinfo{pages}{1--26}. \URLprefix \url{https://aclanthology.org/2024.genbench-1.1/}. \DOIprefix\doi{10.18653/v1/2024.genbench-1.1}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Auletta(2026)}]{desegma2026nicla}
\bibinfo{author}{N.~Auletta},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{Nicla at {DeSegMa-IT}: {DistilBERT} for {MGT} detection and {LightGBM} regressor for {HMT} segmentation.},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Phu et~al.(2026)Phu, Son, and Thin}]{desegma2026stochasticgradientdescenders}
\bibinfo{author}{H.~N. Phu}, \bibinfo{author}{B.~H. Son}, \bibinfo{author}{D.~V. Thin},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{S}tochastic {G}radient {D}escenders at {DeSegMa-IT}: Instruction-tuned {LLM} and token classification for {MGT} detection and boundary localization},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Misc
\bibitem[{Parisi et~al.(2020)Parisi, Francia, and Magnani}]{musixmatch-2020-umberto}
\bibinfo{author}{L.~Parisi}, \bibinfo{author}{S.~Francia}, \bibinfo{author}{P.~Magnani}, \bibinfo{title}{{UmBERTo}: an italian language model trained with whole word masking}, \bibinfo{howpublished}{\url{https://github.com/musixmatchresearch/umberto}}, \bibinfo{year}{2020}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{Giobergia(2026)}]{desegma2026minds}
\bibinfo{author}{F.~Giobergia},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{{MINDS} at {DeSegMa-IT}: Detecting human-{LLM} authorship switches via token-level classification},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)}, \bibinfo{publisher}{CEUR.org}, \bibinfo{address}{Bari, Italy}, \bibinfo{year}{2026}.
%Type = Inproceedings
\bibitem[{He et~al.(2023)He, Gao, and Chen}]{he2023debertav}
\bibinfo{author}{P.~He}, \bibinfo{author}{J.~Gao}, \bibinfo{author}{W.~Chen},
\newblock \bibinfo{title}{De{BERT}av3: Improving {D}e{BERT}a using {ELECTRA}-style pre-training with gradient-disentangled embedding sharing},
\newblock in: \bibinfo{booktitle}{The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations}, \bibinfo{year}{2023}. \URLprefix \url{https://openreview.net/forum?id=sE7-XhLxHA}.
%Type = Misc
\bibitem[{Emi and Spero(2024)}]{emi2024technicalreportpangramaigenerated}
\bibinfo{author}{B.~Emi}, \bibinfo{author}{M.~Spero}, \bibinfo{title}{Technical report on the pangram ai-generated text classifier}, \bibinfo{year}{2024}. \URLprefix \url{https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.14873}. \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.14873}{{\tt arXiv:2402.14873}}.

\end{thebibliography}
