@inproceedings{evalita2026overview,
title={EVALITA 2026: Overview of the 9th Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian},
author={Cutugno, Francesco and Miaschi, Alessio and Aprosio, Alessio Palmero and Rambelli, Giulia and Siciliani, Lucia and Stranisci, Marco Antonio},
booktitle={Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)},
publisher = {CEUR.org},
year = {2026},
month = {February},
address = {Bari, Italy}
}

@article{zeng2025glm,
  title={Glm-4.5: Agentic, reasoning, and coding (arc) foundation models},
  author={Zeng, Aohan and Lv, Xin and Zheng, Qinkai and Hou, Zhenyu and Chen, Bin and Xie, Chengxing and Wang, Cunxiang and Yin, Da and Zeng, Hao and Zhang, Jiajie and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.06471},
  year={2025}
}


@inproceedings{dong-etal-2022-exploring,
    title = "Exploring Dual Encoder Architectures for Question Answering",
    author = "Dong, Zhe  and
      Ni, Jianmo  and
      Bikel, Dan  and
      Alfonseca, Enrique  and
      Wang, Yuan  and
      Qu, Chen  and
      Zitouni, Imed",
    editor = "Goldberg, Yoav  and
      Kozareva, Zornitsa  and
      Zhang, Yue",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = dec,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.emnlp-main.640/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2022.emnlp-main.640",
    pages = "9414--9419",
    abstract = "Dual encoders have been used for question-answering (QA) and information retrieval (IR) tasks with good results. There are two major types of dual encoders, Siamese Dual Encoders (SDE), with parameters shared across two encoders, and Asymmetric Dual Encoder (ADE), with two distinctly parameterized encoders. In this work, we explore the dual encoder architectures for QA retrieval tasks. By evaluating on MS MARCO, open domain NQ, and the MultiReQA benchmarks, we show that SDE performs significantly better than ADE. We further propose three different improved versions of ADEs. Based on the evaluation of QA retrieval tasks and direct analysis of the embeddings, we demonstrate that sharing parameters in projection layers would enable ADEs to perform competitively with SDEs."
}

@inproceedings{italian-crossword-generation,
  title={Italian Crossword Generator: Enhancing Education through Interactive Word Puzzles},
  author={Kamyar Zeinalipour and Tommaso Iaquinta and Asya Zanollo and Giovanni Angelini and Leonardo Rigutini and Marco Maggini and Marco Gori},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 9th Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2023)},
  year={2023},
  url={https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3596}
}

@inproceedings{english-crossword,
    title = "Automated Crossword Solving",
    author = "Wallace, Eric  and
      Tomlin, Nicholas  and
      Xu, Albert  and
      Yang, Kevin  and
      Pathak, Eshaan  and
      Ginsberg, Matthew  and
      Klein, Dan",
    editor = "Muresan, Smaranda  and
      Nakov, Preslav  and
      Villavicencio, Aline",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = may,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Dublin, Ireland",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.219",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2022.acl-long.219",
    pages = "3073--3085"
}

@article{ba2016layer,
  title={Layer normalization},
  author={Ba, Jimmy Lei and Kiros, Jamie Ryan and Hinton, Geoffrey E},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.06450},
  year={2016}
}

@article{loshchilov2017decoupled,
  title={Decoupled weight decay regularization},
  author={Loshchilov, Ilya and Hutter, Frank},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.05101},
  year={2017}
}

@article{douze2024faiss,
  title={The faiss library},
  author={Douze, Matthijs and Guzhva, Alexandr and Deng, Chengqi and Johnson, Jeff and Szilvasy, Gergely and Mazar{\'e}, Pierre-Emmanuel and Lomeli, Maria and Hosseini, Lucas and J{\'e}gou, Herv{\'e}},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.08281},
  year={2024}
}

@inproceedings{sarti-nissim-2024-it5,
    title = "{IT}5: Text-to-text Pretraining for {I}talian Language Understanding and Generation",
    author = "Sarti, Gabriele  and
      Nissim, Malvina",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Kan, Min-Yen  and
      Hoste, Veronique  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.823/",
    pages = "9422--9433",
    abstract = "We introduce IT5, the first family of encoder-decoder transformer models pretrained specifically on Italian. We document and perform a thorough cleaning procedure for a large Italian corpus and use it to pretrain four IT5 model sizes. We then introduce the ItaGen benchmark, which includes a broad range of natural language understanding and generation tasks for Italian, and use it to evaluate the performance of IT5 models and multilingual baselines. We find monolingual IT5 models to provide the best scale-to-performance ratio across tested models, consistently outperforming their multilingual counterparts and setting a new state-of-the-art for Italian language generation."
}

@inproceedings{sarti-etal-2024-eurekarebus,
    title = "{E}ureka{R}ebus - Verbalized Rebus Solving with {LLM}s: A {CALAMITA} Challenge",
    author = "Sarti, Gabriele  and
      Caselli, Tommaso  and
      Bisazza, Arianna  and
      Nissim, Malvina",
    editor = "Dell'Orletta, Felice  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Montemagni, Simonetta  and
      Sprugnoli, Rachele",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 10th Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2024)",
    month = dec,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Pisa, Italy",
    publisher = "CEUR Workshop Proceedings",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.clicit-1.132/",
    pages = "1202--1208",
    ISBN = "979-12-210-7060-6",
}

@inproceedings{xue-etal-2021-mt5,
    title = "m{T}5: A Massively Multilingual Pre-trained Text-to-Text Transformer",
    author = "Xue, Linting  and
      Constant, Noah  and
      Roberts, Adam  and
      Kale, Mihir  and
      Al-Rfou, Rami  and
      Siddhant, Aditya  and
      Barua, Aditya  and
      Raffel, Colin",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies",
    month = jun,
    year = "2021",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.41",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.41",
    pages = "483--498",
}

@InProceedings{z3,
author="de Moura, Leonardo
and Bj{\o}rner, Nikolaj",
editor="Ramakrishnan, C. R.
and Rehof, Jakob",
title="Z3: An Efficient SMT Solver",
booktitle="Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems",
year="2008",
publisher="Springer Berlin Heidelberg",
address="Berlin, Heidelberg",
pages="337--340",
abstract="Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) problem is a decision problem for logical first order formulas with respect to combinations of background theories such as: arithmetic, bit-vectors, arrays, and uninterpreted functions. Z3 is a new and efficient SMT Solver freely available from Microsoft Research. It is used in various software verification and analysis applications.",
isbn="978-3-540-78800-3"
}


@article{warner2024smarter,
  title={Smarter, better, faster, longer: A modern bidirectional encoder for fast, memory efficient, and long context finetuning and inference},
  author={Warner, Benjamin and Chaffin, Antoine and Clavi{\'e}, Benjamin and Weller, Orion and Hallstr{\"o}m, Oskar and Taghadouini, Said and Gallagher, Alexis and Biswas, Raja and Ladhak, Faisal and Aarsen, Tom and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.13663},
  year={2024}
}

@article{mmarco,
  author       = {Luiz Bonifacio and
                  Israel Campiotti and
                  Roberto de Alencar Lotufo and
                  Rodrigo Frassetto Nogueira},
  title        = {mMARCO: {A} Multilingual Version of {MS} {MARCO} Passage Ranking Dataset},
  journal      = {CoRR},
  volume       = {abs/2108.13897},
  year         = {2021},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.13897},
  eprinttype    = {arXiv},
  eprint       = {2108.13897},
  timestamp    = {Mon, 20 Mar 2023 15:35:34 +0100},
  biburl       = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2108-13897.bib},
  bibsource    = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@inproceedings{reimers-gurevych-2019-sentence,
    title = "Sentence-{BERT}: Sentence Embeddings using {S}iamese {BERT}-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils  and
      Gurevych, Iryna",
    editor = "Inui, Kentaro  and
      Jiang, Jing  and
      Ng, Vincent  and
      Wan, Xiaojun",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP)",
    month = nov,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Hong Kong, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/D19-1410/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/D19-1410",
    pages = "3982--3992",
    abstract = "BERT (Devlin et al., 2018) and RoBERTa (Liu et al., 2019) has set a new state-of-the-art performance on sentence-pair regression tasks like semantic textual similarity (STS). However, it requires that both sentences are fed into the network, which causes a massive computational overhead: Finding the most similar pair in a collection of 10,000 sentences requires about 50 million inference computations ({\textasciitilde}65 hours) with BERT. The construction of BERT makes it unsuitable for semantic similarity search as well as for unsupervised tasks like clustering. In this publication, we present Sentence-BERT (SBERT), a modification of the pretrained BERT network that use siamese and triplet network structures to derive semantically meaningful sentence embeddings that can be compared using cosine-similarity. This reduces the effort for finding the most similar pair from 65 hours with BERT / RoBERTa to about 5 seconds with SBERT, while maintaining the accuracy from BERT. We evaluate SBERT and SRoBERTa on common STS tasks and transfer learning tasks, where it outperforms other state-of-the-art sentence embeddings methods."
}

@inproceedings{reimers-gurevych-2020-making,
    title = "Making Monolingual Sentence Embeddings Multilingual using Knowledge Distillation",
    author = "Reimers, Nils  and
      Gurevych, Iryna",
    editor = "Webber, Bonnie  and
      Cohn, Trevor  and
      He, Yulan  and
      Liu, Yang",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)",
    month = nov,
    year = "2020",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2020.emnlp-main.365/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-main.365",
    pages = "4512--4525",
    abstract = "We present an easy and efficient method to extend existing sentence embedding models to new languages. This allows to create multilingual versions from previously monolingual models. The training is based on the idea that a translated sentence should be mapped to the same location in the vector space as the original sentence. We use the original (monolingual) model to generate sentence embeddings for the source language and then train a new system on translated sentences to mimic the original model. Compared to other methods for training multilingual sentence embeddings, this approach has several advantages: It is easy to extend existing models with relatively few samples to new languages, it is easier to ensure desired properties for the vector space, and the hardware requirements for training are lower. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for 50+ languages from various language families. Code to extend sentence embeddings models to more than 400 languages is publicly available."
}



@article{gillick2018end,
  title={End-to-end retrieval in continuous space},
  author={Gillick, Daniel and Presta, Alessandro and Tomar, Gaurav Singh},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.08008},
  year={2018}
}

@inproceedings{devlin-etal-2019-bert,
    title = "{BERT}: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding",
    author = "Devlin, Jacob  and
      Chang, Ming-Wei  and
      Lee, Kenton  and
      Toutanova, Kristina",
    editor = "Burstein, Jill  and
      Doran, Christy  and
      Solorio, Thamar",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North {A}merican Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers)",
    month = jun,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Minneapolis, Minnesota",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/N19-1423/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/N19-1423",
    pages = "4171--4186",
    abstract = "We introduce a new language representation model called BERT, which stands for Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers. Unlike recent language representation models (Peters et al., 2018a; Radford et al., 2018), BERT is designed to pre-train deep bidirectional representations from unlabeled text by jointly conditioning on both left and right context in all layers. As a result, the pre-trained BERT model can be fine-tuned with just one additional output layer to create state-of-the-art models for a wide range of tasks, such as question answering and language inference, without substantial task-specific architecture modifications. BERT is conceptually simple and empirically powerful. It obtains new state-of-the-art results on eleven natural language processing tasks, including pushing the GLUE score to 80.5 (7.7 point absolute improvement), MultiNLI accuracy to 86.7{\%} (4.6{\%} absolute improvement), SQuAD v1.1 question answering Test F1 to 93.2 (1.5 point absolute improvement) and SQuAD v2.0 Test F1 to 83.1 (5.1 point absolute improvement)."
}

@inproceedings{radford2021learning,
  title={Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision},
  author={Radford, Alec and Kim, Jong Wook and Hallacy, Chris and Ramesh, Aditya and Goh, Gabriel and Agarwal, Sandhini and Sastry, Girish and Askell, Amanda and Mishkin, Pamela and Clark, Jack and others},
  booktitle={International conference on machine learning},
  pages={8748--8763},
  year={2021},
  organization={PmLR}
}

@article{robinson2020hard,
  title={Contrastive Learning with Hard Negative Samples},
  author={Robinson, Joshua and Chuang, Ching-Yao and Sra, Suvrit and Jegelka, Stefanie},
  journal={International Conference on Learning Representations},
  year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{radford2021learning,
  title={Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision},
  author={Radford, Alec and Kim, Jong Wook and Hallacy, Chris and Ramesh, Aditya and Goh, Gabriel and Agarwal, Sandhini and Sastry, Girish and Askell, Amanda and Mishkin, Pamela and Clark, Jack and others},
  booktitle={International conference on machine learning},
  pages={8748--8763},
  year={2021},
  organization={PmLR}
}



@inproceedings{bianchi-etal-2023-contrastive,
  author       = {Federico Bianchi and
                  Giuseppe Attanasio and
                  Raphael Pisoni and
                  Silvia Terragni and
                  Gabriele Sarti and
                  Dario Balestri},
  editor       = {Federico Boschetti and
                  Gianluca E. Lebani and
                  Bernardo Magnini and
                  Nicole Novielli},
  title        = {Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training for the Italian Language},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 9th Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics,
                  Venice, Italy, November 30 - December 2, 2023},
  series       = {{CEUR} Workshop Proceedings},
  volume       = {3596},
  publisher    = {CEUR-WS.org},
  year         = {2023},
  url          = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3596/paper9.pdf},
}



@inproceedings{barlacchi2014retrieval,
  title={A retrieval model for automatic resolutionof crossword puzzles in Italian language},
  author={Barlacchi, Gianni and Nicosia, Massimo and Moschitti, Alessandro},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the First Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics CLiC-it 2014 \& and of the Fourth International Workshop EVALITA 2014: 9-11 December 2014, Pisa},
  pages={33--37},
  year={2014},
  organization={Pisa University Press}
}

@inproceedings{moschitti-etal-2015-sacry,
    title = "{SACRY}: Syntax-based Automatic Crossword puzzle Resolution s{Y}stem",
    author = "Moschitti, Alessandro  and
      Nicosia, Massimo  and
      Barlacchi, Gianni",
    editor = "Chen, Hsin-Hsi  and
      Markert, Katja",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of {ACL}-{IJCNLP} 2015 System Demonstrations",
    month = jul,
    year = "2015",
    address = "Beijing, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics and The Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/P15-4014/",
    doi = "10.3115/v1/P15-4014",
    pages = "79--84"
}

% Journals

% First the Full Name is given, then the abbreviation used in the AMS Math
% Reviews, with an indication if it could not be found there.
% Note the 2nd overwrites the 1st, so swap them if you want the full name.

 %{AMS}
 @String{AMSTrans = "American Mathematical Society Translations" }
 @String{AMSTrans = "Amer. Math. Soc. Transl." }
 @String{BullAMS = "Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society" }
 @String{BullAMS = "Bull. Amer. Math. Soc." }
 @String{ProcAMS = "Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society" }
 @String{ProcAMS = "Proc. Amer. Math. Soc." }
 @String{TransAMS = "Transactions of the American Mathematical Society" }
 @String{TransAMS = "Trans. Amer. Math. Soc." }

 %ACM
 @String{CACM = "Communications of the {ACM}" }
 @String{CACM = "Commun. {ACM}" }
 @String{CompServ = "Comput. Surveys" }
 @String{JACM = "J. ACM" }
 @String{ACMMathSoft = "{ACM} Transactions on Mathematical Software" }
 @String{ACMMathSoft = "{ACM} Trans. Math. Software" }
 @String{SIGNUM = "{ACM} {SIGNUM} Newsletter" }
 @String{SIGNUM = "{ACM} {SIGNUM} Newslett." }

 @String{AmerSocio = "American Journal of Sociology" }
 @String{AmerStatAssoc = "Journal of the American Statistical Association" }
 @String{AmerStatAssoc = "J. Amer. Statist. Assoc." }
 @String{ApplMathComp = "Applied Mathematics and Computation" }
 @String{ApplMathComp = "Appl. Math. Comput." }
 @String{AmerMathMonthly = "American Mathematical Monthly" }
 @String{AmerMathMonthly = "Amer. Math. Monthly" }
 @String{BIT = "{BIT}" }
 @String{BritStatPsych = "British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical
          Psychology" }
 @String{BritStatPsych = "Brit. J. Math. Statist. Psych." }
 @String{CanMathBull = "Canadian Mathematical Bulletin" }
 @String{CanMathBull = "Canad. Math. Bull." }
 @String{CompApplMath = "Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics" }
 @String{CompApplMath = "J. Comput. Appl. Math." }
 @String{CompPhys = "Journal of Computational Physics" }
 @String{CompPhys = "J. Comput. Phys." }
 @String{CompStruct = "Computers and Structures" }
 @String{CompStruct = "Comput. \& Structures" }
 @String{CompJour = "The Computer Journal" }
 @String{CompJour = "Comput. J." }
 @String{CompSysSci = "Journal of Computer and System Sciences" }
 @String{CompSysSci = "J. Comput. System Sci." }
 @String{Computing = "Computing" }
 @String{ContempMath = "Contemporary Mathematics" }
 @String{ContempMath = "Contemp. Math." }
 @String{Crelle = "Crelle's Journal" }
 @String{GiornaleMath = "Giornale di Mathematiche" }
 @String{GiornaleMath = "Giorn. Mat." } % didn't find in AMS MR., ibid.

 %IEEE
 @String{Computer = "{IEEE} Computer" }
 @String{IEEETransComp = "{IEEE} Transactions on Computers" }
 @String{IEEETransComp = "{IEEE} Trans. Comput." }
 @String{IEEETransAC = "{IEEE} Transactions on Automatic Control" }
 @String{IEEETransAC = "{IEEE} Trans. Automat. Control" }
 @String{IEEESpec = "{IEEE} Spectrum" } % didn't find in AMS MR
 @String{ProcIEEE = "Proceedings of the {IEEE}" }
 @String{ProcIEEE = "Proc. {IEEE}" } % didn't find in AMS MR
 @String{IEEETransAeroElec = "{IEEE} Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic
     Systems" }
 @String{IEEETransAeroElec = "{IEEE} Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems" }

 @String{IMANumerAna = "{IMA} Journal of Numerical Analysis" }
 @String{IMANumerAna = "{IMA} J. Numer. Anal." }
 @String{InfProcLet = "Information Processing Letters" }
 @String{InfProcLet = "Inform. Process. Lett." }
 @String{InstMathApp = "Journal of the Institute of Mathematics and
     its Applications" }
 @String{InstMathApp = "J. Inst. Math. Appl." }
 @String{IntControl = "International Journal of Control" }
 @String{IntControl = "Internat. J. Control" }
 @String{IntNumerEng = "International Journal for Numerical Methods in
     Engineering" }
 @String{IntNumerEng = "Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg." }
 @String{IntSuper = "International Journal of Supercomputing Applications" }
 @String{IntSuper = "Internat. J. Supercomputing Applic." } % didn't find
%% in AMS MR
 @String{Kibernetika = "Kibernetika" }
 @String{JResNatBurStand = "Journal of Research of the National Bureau
     of Standards" }
 @String{JResNatBurStand = "J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards" }
 @String{LinAlgApp = "Linear Algebra and its Applications" }
 @String{LinAlgApp = "Linear Algebra Appl." }
 @String{MathAnaAppl = "Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications" }
 @String{MathAnaAppl = "J. Math. Anal. Appl." }
 @String{MathAnnalen = "Mathematische Annalen" }
 @String{MathAnnalen = "Math. Ann." }
 @String{MathPhys = "Journal of Mathematical Physics" }
 @String{MathPhys = "J. Math. Phys." }
 @String{MathComp = "Mathematics of Computation" }
 @String{MathComp = "Math. Comp." }
 @String{MathScand = "Mathematica Scandinavica" }
 @String{MathScand = "Math. Scand." }
 @String{TablesAidsComp = "Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation" }
 @String{TablesAidsComp = "Math. Tables Aids Comput." }
 @String{NumerMath = "Numerische Mathematik" }
 @String{NumerMath = "Numer. Math." }
 @String{PacificMath = "Pacific Journal of Mathematics" }
 @String{PacificMath = "Pacific J. Math." }
 @String{ParDistComp = "Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing" }
 @String{ParDistComp = "J. Parallel and Distrib. Comput." } % didn't find
%% in AMS MR
 @String{ParComputing = "Parallel Computing" }
 @String{ParComputing = "Parallel Comput." }
 @String{PhilMag = "Philosophical Magazine" }
 @String{PhilMag = "Philos. Mag." }
 @String{ProcNAS = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
                    of the USA" }
 @String{ProcNAS = "Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A." }
 @String{Psychometrika = "Psychometrika" }
 @String{QuartMath = "Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, Oxford, Series (2)" }
 @String{QuartMath = "Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2)" }
 @String{QuartApplMath = "Quarterly of Applied Mathematics" }
 @String{QuartApplMath = "Quart. Appl. Math." }
 @String{RevueInstStat = "Review of the International Statisical Institute" }
 @String{RevueInstStat = "Rev. Inst. Internat. Statist." }

 %SIAM
 @String{JSIAM = "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied
     Mathematics" }
 @String{JSIAM = "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math." }
 @String{JSIAMB = "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied
     Mathematics, Series B, Numerical Analysis" }
 @String{JSIAMB = "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math. Ser. B Numer. Anal." }
 @String{SIAMAlgMeth = "{SIAM} Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods" }
 @String{SIAMAlgMeth = "{SIAM} J. Algebraic Discrete Methods" }
 @String{SIAMAppMath = "{SIAM} Journal on Applied Mathematics" }
 @String{SIAMAppMath = "{SIAM} J. Appl. Math." }
 @String{SIAMComp = "{SIAM} Journal on Computing" }
 @String{SIAMComp = "{SIAM} J. Comput." }
 @String{SIAMMatrix = "{SIAM} Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications" }
 @String{SIAMMatrix = "{SIAM} J. Matrix Anal. Appl." }
 @String{SIAMNumAnal = "{SIAM} Journal on Numerical Analysis" }
 @String{SIAMNumAnal = "{SIAM} J. Numer. Anal." }
 @String{SIAMReview = "{SIAM} Review" }
 @String{SIAMReview = "{SIAM} Rev." }
 @String{SIAMSciStat = "{SIAM} Journal on Scientific and Statistical
     Computing" }
 @String{SIAMSciStat = "{SIAM} J. Sci. Statist. Comput." }

 @String{SoftPracExp = "Software Practice and Experience" }
 @String{SoftPracExp = "Software Prac. Experience" } % didn't find in AMS MR
 @String{StatScience = "Statistical Science" }
 @String{StatScience = "Statist. Sci." }
 @String{Techno = "Technometrics" }
 @String{USSRCompMathPhys = "{USSR} Computational Mathematics and Mathematical
     Physics" }
 @String{USSRCompMathPhys = "{U. S. S. R.} Comput. Math. and Math. Phys." }
 @String{VLSICompSys = "Journal of {VLSI} and Computer Systems" }
 @String{VLSICompSys = "J. {VLSI} Comput. Syst." }
 @String{ZAngewMathMech = "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und
     Mechanik" }
 @String{ZAngewMathMech = "Z. Angew. Math. Mech." }
 @String{ZAngewMathPhys = "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Physik" }
 @String{ZAngewMathPhys = "Z. Angew. Math. Phys." }

% Publishers % ================================================= |

 @String{Academic = "Academic Press" }
 @String{ACMPress = "{ACM} Press" }
 @String{AdamHilger = "Adam Hilger" }
 @String{AddisonWesley = "Addison-Wesley" }
 @String{AllynBacon = "Allyn and Bacon" }
 @String{AMS = "American Mathematical Society" }
 @String{Birkhauser = "Birkha{\"u}ser" }
 @String{CambridgePress = "Cambridge University Press" }
 @String{Chelsea = "Chelsea" }
 @String{ClaredonPress = "Claredon Press" }
 @String{DoverPub = "Dover Publications" }
 @String{Eyolles = "Eyolles" }
 @String{HoltRinehartWinston = "Holt, Rinehart and Winston" }
 @String{Interscience = "Interscience" }
 @String{JohnsHopkinsPress = "The Johns Hopkins University Press" }
 @String{JohnWileySons = "John Wiley and Sons" }
 @String{Macmillan = "Macmillan" }
 @String{MathWorks = "The Math Works Inc." }
 @String{McGrawHill = "McGraw-Hill" }
 @String{NatBurStd = "National Bureau of Standards" }
 @String{NorthHolland = "North-Holland" }
 @String{OxfordPress = "Oxford University Press" }  %address Oxford or London?
 @String{PergamonPress = "Pergamon Press" }
 @String{PlenumPress = "Plenum Press" }
 @String{PrenticeHall = "Prentice-Hall" }
 @String{SIAMPub = "{SIAM} Publications" }
 @String{Springer = "Springer-Verlag" }
 @String{TexasPress = "University of Texas Press" }
 @String{VanNostrand = "Van Nostrand" }
 @String{WHFreeman = "W. H. Freeman and Co." }

%Entries

@Article{Abril07,
  author        = "Patricia S. Abril and Robert Plant",
  title         = "The patent holder's dilemma: Buy, sell, or troll?",
  journal       = "Communications of the ACM",
  volume        = "50",
  number        = "1",
  month         = jan,
  year          = "2007",
  pages         = "36--44",
  doi           = "10.1145/1188913.1188915",
  OPTurl           = "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1219092.1219093",
  note          = "",
}

@Article{Cohen07,
  author        = "Sarah Cohen and Werner Nutt and Yehoshua Sagic",
  title         = "Deciding equivalances among conjunctive aggregate queries",
  journal       = JACM,
  articleno     = "5",
  numpages      = "50",
  volume        = "54",
  number        = "2",
  month         = apr,
  year          = "2007",
  doi           = "10.1145/1219092.1219093",
  OPTurl           = "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1219092.1219093",
  acmid         = "1219093",
  note          = "",
}


@Proceedings{JCohen96,
  key =          "Cohen",
  editor =       "Jacques Cohen",
  title =        "Special issue: Digital Libraries",
  journal =      CACM,
  volume =       "39",
  number =       "11",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "1996",
}


@Book{Kosiur01,
  author =       "David Kosiur",
  title =        "Understanding Policy-Based Networking",
  publisher =    "Wiley",
  year =         "2001",
  address =      "New York, NY",
  edition =      "2nd.",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  series =       "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}


@Book{Harel79,
  author =       "David Harel",
  year =         "1979",
  title =        "First-Order Dynamic Logic",
  series =       "Lecture Notes in Computer Science",
  volume =       "68",
  address =      "New York, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  doi =          "10.1007/3-540-09237-4",
  OPTurl =          "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09237-4",
  editor =       "",
  number =       "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}


@Inbook{Editor00,
  author =       "",
  editor =       "Ian Editor",
  title =        "The title of book one",
  subtitle =     "The book subtitle",
  series =       "The name of the series one",
  year =         "2007",
  volume =       "9",
  address =      "Chicago",
  edition =      "1st.",
  publisher =    "University of Chicago Press",
  doi =          "10.1007/3-540-09237-4",
  OPTurl =          "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09456-9",
  chapter =      "",
  pages =        "",
  number =       "",
  type =         "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}

%
@InBook{Editor00a,
  author =       "",
  editor =       "Ian Editor",
  title =        "The title of book two",
  subtitle =     "The book subtitle",
  series =       "The name of the series two",
  year =         "2008",
  address =      "Chicago",
  edition =      "2nd.",
  publisher =    "University of Chicago Press",
  doi =          "10.1007/3-540-09237-4",
  OPTurl =          "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09456-9",
  volume =       "",
  chapter =      "100",
  pages =        "",
  number =       "",
  type =         "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}


% incollection (has an editor, title, and possibly a booktitle)
@Incollection{Spector90,
  author =       "Asad Z. Spector",
  title =        "Achieving application requirements",
  booktitle =    "Distributed Systems",
  publisher =    "ACM Press",
  address =      "New York, NY",
  year =         "1990",
  edition =      "2nd.",
  chapter =      "",
  editor =       "Sape Mullender",
  pages =        "19--33",
  doi =          "10.1145/90417.90738",
  OPTurl =          "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/90417.90738",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  series =       "",
  type =         "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}


% incollection (has an editor, title, and possibly a booktitle)
@Incollection{Douglass98,
  author =       "Bruce P. Douglass and David Harel and Mark B. Trakhtenbrot",
  title =        "Statecarts in use: structured analysis and object-orientation",
  series =       "Lecture Notes in Computer Science",
  booktitle =    "Lectures on Embedded Systems",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  address =      "London",
  volume =       "1494",
  year =         "1998",
  chapter =      "",
  editor =       "Grzegorz Rozenberg and Frits W. Vaandrager",
  pages =        "368--394",
  doi =          "10.1007/3-540-65193-4_29",
  OPTurl =          "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-65193-4_29",
  edition =      "",
  number =       "",
  type =         "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}


@Book{Knuth97,
  author =       "Donald E. Knuth",
  title =        "The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 1: Fundamental Algorithms (3rd. ed.)",
  publisher =    "Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.",
  year =         "1997",
  address =      "",
  edition =      "",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  series =       "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}


@Book{Knuth98,
  author =       "Donald E. Knuth",
  year =         "1998",
  title =        "The Art of Computer Programming",
  series =       "Fundamental Algorithms",
  volume =       "1",
  edition =      "3rd",
  address =      "",
  publisher =    "Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.",
  doi =          "",
  url =          "",
  editor =       "",
  number =       "",
  month =        "",
  note =         "(book)",
}

%Inbook{Knuth97,
%  author =       "Donald E. Knuth",
%  title =        "The Art of Computer Programming",
%  booktitle =    "the booktitle",
%  edition =      "3",
%  volume =       "1",
%  year =         "1997",
%  publisher =    "Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.",
%  editor =       "",
%  number =       "",
%  series =       "Fundamental Algorithms",
%  type =         "",
%  chapter =      "",
%  pages =        "",
%  address =      "",
%  month =        "",
%  note =         "(inbook)",
%}

%INBOOK{DK:73-inbook-full,
%   author = "Donald E. Knuth",
%   title = "Fundamental Algorithms (inbook w series)",
%   volume = 1,
%   series = "The Art of Computer Programming",
%   publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
%   address = "Reading, Massachusetts",
%   edition = "Second",
%   month = "10~" # jan,
%   year = "1973",
%   type = "Section",
%   chapter = "1.2",
%   pages = "10--119",
%   note = "Full INBOOK entry (w series)",
%}

%INcollection{DK:74-incoll,
%   author = "Donald E. Knuth",
%   title = "Fundamental Algorithms (incoll)",
%   volume = 1,
%   booktitle = "The Art of Computer Programming",
%   publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
%   address = "Reading, Massachusetts",
%   month = "10~" # jan,
%   year = "1974",
%   pages = "10--119",
%   editor = "Bernard Rous",
%   note = "This is a full incoll entry with an editor",
%}

%INcollection{DK:75-incollws,
%   author = "Donald E. Knuth",
%   title = "Fundamental Algorithms (incoll w series)",
%   volume = 1,
%   booktitle = "The Art of Computer Programming",
%   series = "The Art of Computer Programming",
%   publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
%   address = "Reading, Massachusetts",
%   month = "10~" # jan,
%   year = "1975",
%   pages = "10--119",
%   editor = "Bernard Rous",
%   note = "This is a full incoll entry with an editor and series",
%}


@incollection{GM05,
Author= "Dan Geiger and Christopher Meek",
Title= "Structured Variational Inference Procedures and their Realizations (as incol)",
Year= 2005,
Booktitle="Proceedings of Tenth International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, {\rm The Barbados}",
Publisher="The Society for Artificial Intelligence and Statistics",
Month= jan,
Editors= "Z. Ghahramani and R. Cowell"
}

@Inproceedings{Smith10,
  author =       "Stan W. Smith",
  title =        "An experiment in bibliographic mark-up: Parsing metadata for XML export",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 3rd. annual workshop on Librarians and Computers",
  series =       "LAC '10",
  editor =       "Reginald N. Smythe and Alexander Noble",
  volume =       "3",
  year =         "2010",
  publisher =    "Paparazzi Press",
  address =      "Milan Italy",
  pages =        "422--431",
  doi =          "99.9999/woot07-S422",
  OPTurl =          "http://dx.doi.org/99.0000/woot07-S422",
  number =       "",
  month =        "",
  organization = "",
  note =         "",
}

@Inproceedings{VanGundy07,
  author =       "Matthew Van Gundy and Davide Balzarotti and Giovanni Vigna",
  year =         "2007",
  title =        "Catch me, if you can: Evading network signatures with web-based polymorphic worms",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the first USENIX workshop on Offensive Technologies",
  series =       "WOOT '07",
  publisher =    "USENIX Association",
  address =      "Berkley, CA",
  articleno =    "7",
  numpages =     "9",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  pages =        "",
  month =        "",
  organization = "",
  note =         "",
}

@Inproceedings{VanGundy08,
  author =       "Matthew Van Gundy and Davide Balzarotti and Giovanni Vigna",
  year =         "2008",
  title =        "Catch me, if you can: Evading network signatures with web-based polymorphic worms",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the first USENIX workshop on Offensive Technologies",
  series =       "WOOT '08",
  publisher =    "USENIX Association",
  address =      "Berkley, CA",
  articleno =    "7",
  numpages =     "2",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  pages =        "99-100",
  month =        "",
  organization = "",
  note =         "",
}

@Inproceedings{VanGundy09,
  author =       "Matthew Van Gundy and Davide Balzarotti and Giovanni Vigna",
  year =         "2009",
  title =        "Catch me, if you can: Evading network signatures with web-based polymorphic worms",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the first USENIX workshop on Offensive Technologies",
  series =       "WOOT '09",
  publisher =    "USENIX Association",
  address =      "Berkley, CA",
  articleno =    "",
  numpages =     "",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  pages =        "90--100",
  month =        "",
  organization = "",
  note =         "",
}

@Inproceedings{Andler79,
  author =       "Sten Andler",
  title =        "Predicate Path expressions",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 6th. ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN symposium on Principles of Programming Languages",
  series =       "POPL '79",
  year =         "1979",
  publisher =    "ACM Press",
  address =      "New York, NY",
  pages =        "226--236",
  doi =          "10.1145/567752.567774",
  OPTurl =          "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/567752.567774",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  month =        "",
  organization = "",
  note =         "",
}

@Techreport{Harel78,
  author =       "David Harel",
  year =         "1978",
  title =        "LOGICS of Programs: AXIOMATICS and DESCRIPTIVE POWER",
  institution =  "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
  type =         "MIT Research Lab Technical Report",
  number =       "TR-200",
  address =      "Cambridge, MA",
  month =        "",
  note =         "",
}

@MASTERSTHESIS{anisi03,
author = {David A. Anisi},
title = {Optimal Motion Control of a Ground Vehicle},
school = {Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden},
intitution = {FOI-R-0961-SE, Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI)},
year = {2003},
}


@Phdthesis{Clarkson85,
  author =       "Kenneth L. Clarkson",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "Algorithms for Closest-Point Problems (Computational Geometry)",
  school =       "Stanford University",
  address =      "Palo Alto, CA",
  note =         "UMI Order Number: AAT 8506171",
  type =         "",
  month =        "",
}


@misc{Thornburg01,
  author =       "Harry Thornburg",
  year =         "2001",
  title =        "Introduction to Bayesian Statistics",
  url =          "http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/bayes/bayes.html",
  month =        mar,
  lastaccessed = "March 2, 2005",
}


@misc{Ablamowicz07,
  author =       "Rafal Ablamowicz and Bertfried Fauser",
  year =         "2007",
  title =        "CLIFFORD: a Maple 11 Package for Clifford Algebra Computations, version 11",
  url =          "http://math.tntech.edu/rafal/cliff11/index.html",
  lastaccessed = "February 28, 2008",
}


@misc{Poker06,
  author =       "Poker-Edge.Com",
  year =         "2006",
  month =        mar,
  title =        "Stats and Analysis",
  lastaccessed = "June 7, 2006",
  url =          "http://www.pkredge.com/statsYYFWWQ.php",
}

@misc{Obama08,
  author        = "Barack Obama",
  year          = "2008",
  title         = "A more perfect union",
  howpublished  = "Video",
  day           = "5",
  url           = "http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=6528042696351994555",
  month         = mar,
  lastaccessed  = "March 21, 2008",
  note          =  "",
}

@misc{JoeScientist001,
  author =       "Joseph Scientist",
  year =         "2009",
  title =        "The fountain of youth",
  note =         "Patent No. 12345, Filed July 1st., 2008, Issued Aug. 9th., 2009",
  url =          "",
  howpublished = "",
  month =        aug,
  lastaccessed = "",
}


@Inproceedings{Novak03,
  author =       "Dave Novak",
  title =        "Solder man",
  booktitle =    "ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Video Review on Animation theater Program: Part I - Vol. 145 (July 27--27, 2003)",
  year =         "2003",
  publisher =    "ACM Press",
  address =      "New York, NY",
  pages =        "4",
  month =        "March 21, 2008",
  doi =          "99.9999/woot07-S422",
  url =          "http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=6528042696351994555",
  note =         "",
  howpublished = "Video",
  editor =       "",
  volume =       "",
  number =       "",
  series =       "",
  organization = "",
}


@article{Lee05,
  author =       "Newton Lee",
  year =         "2005",
  title =        "Interview with Bill Kinder: January 13, 2005",
  journal =      "Comput. Entertain.",
  eid =          "4",
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  month =        "Jan.-March",
  doi =          "10.1145/1057270.1057278",
  OPTurl =          "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1057270.1057278",
  howpublished = "Video",
  note =         "",
}

@article{Rous08,
  author =       "Bernard Rous",
  year =         "2008",
  title =        "The Enabling of Digital Libraries",
  journal =      "Digital Libraries",
  volume =       "12",
  number =       "3",
  month =        jul,
  articleno =    "5",
  doi =          "",
  url =          "",
  howpublished = "",
  note =         "To appear",
}

@article{384253,
 author = {Werneck,, Renato and Setubal,, Jo\~{a}o and da Conceic\~{a}o,, Arlindo},
 title = {(old) Finding minimum congestion spanning trees},
 journal = {J. Exp. Algorithmics},
 volume = {5},
 year = {2000},
 issn = {1084-6654},
 pages = {11},
 doi = {10.1145/351827.384253},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


@article{Werneck:2000:FMC:351827.384253,
 author = {Werneck, Renato and Setubal, Jo\~{a}o and da Conceic\~{a}o, Arlindo},
 title = {(new) Finding minimum congestion spanning trees},
 journal = {J. Exp. Algorithmics},
 volume = {5},
 month = dec,
 year = {2000},
 issn = {1084-6654},
 articleno = {11},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=351827.384253},
 doi = {10.1145/351827.384253},
 acmid = {384253},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

@article{1555162,
 author = {Conti, Mauro and Di Pietro, Roberto and Mancini, Luigi V. and Mei, Alessandro},
 title = {(old) Distributed data source verification in wireless sensor networks},
 journal = {Inf. Fusion},
 volume = {10},
 number = {4},
 year = {2009},
 issn = {1566-2535},
 pages = {342--353},
 doi = {10.1016/j.inffus.2009.01.002},
 publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
 }

@article{Conti:2009:DDS:1555009.1555162,
 author = {Conti, Mauro and Di Pietro, Roberto and Mancini, Luigi V. and Mei, Alessandro},
 title = {(new) Distributed data source verification in wireless sensor networks},
 journal = {Inf. Fusion},
 volume = {10},
 number = {4},
 month = oct,
 year = {2009},
 issn = {1566-2535},
 pages = {342--353},
 numpages = {12},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1555009.1555162},
 doi = {10.1016/j.inffus.2009.01.002},
 acmid = {1555162},
 publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.},
 address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands},
 keywords = {Clone detection, Distributed protocol, Securing data fusion, Wireless sensor networks},
}

@inproceedings{Li:2008:PUC:1358628.1358946,
 author = {Li, Cheng-Lun and Buyuktur, Ayse G. and Hutchful, David K. and Sant, Natasha B. and Nainwal, Satyendra K.},
 title = {Portalis: using competitive online interactions to support aid initiatives for the homeless},
 booktitle = {CHI '08 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems},
 year = {2008},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-012-X},
 location = {Florence, Italy},
 pages = {3873--3878},
 numpages = {6},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1358628.1358946},
 doi = {10.1145/1358628.1358946},
 acmid = {1358946},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {cscw, distributed knowledge acquisition, incentive design, online games, recommender systems, reputation systems, user studies, virtual community},
}

@book{Hollis:1999:VBD:519964,
 author = {Hollis, Billy S.},
 title = {Visual Basic 6: Design, Specification, and Objects with Other},
 year = {1999},
 isbn = {0130850845},
 edition = {1st},
 publisher = {Prentice Hall PTR},
 address = {Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA},
 }


@book{Goossens:1999:LWC:553897,
 author = {Goossens, Michel and Rahtz, S. P. and Moore, Ross and Sutor, Robert S.},
 title = {The  Latex Web Companion: Integrating TEX, HTML, and XML},
 year = {1999},
 isbn = {0201433117},
 edition = {1st},
 publisher = {Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.},
 address = {Boston, MA, USA},
 }

% need to test genres for errant isbn output

% techreport
@techreport{897367,
 author = {Buss, Jonathan F. and Rosenberg, Arnold L. and Knott, Judson D.},
 title = {Vertex Types in Book-Embeddings},
 year = {1987},
 source = {http://www.ncstrl.org:8900/ncstrl/servlet/search?formname=detail\&id=oai%3Ancstrlh%3Aumass_cs%3Ancstrl.umassa_cs%2F%2FUM-CS-1987-018},
 publisher = {University of Massachusetts},
 address = {Amherst, MA, USA},
 }

@techreport{Buss:1987:VTB:897367,
 author = {Buss, Jonathan F. and Rosenberg, Arnold L. and Knott, Judson D.},
 title = {Vertex Types in Book-Embeddings},
 year = {1987},
 source = {http://www.ncstrl.org:8900/ncstrl/servlet/search?formname=detail\&id=oai%3Ancstrlh%3Aumass_cs%3Ancstrl.umassa_cs%2F%2FUM-CS-1987-018},
 publisher = {University of Massachusetts},
 address = {Amherst, MA, USA},
 }

% whole proceedings

@proceedings{Czerwinski:2008:1358628,
 author = {},
 note = {General Chair-Czerwinski, Mary and General Chair-Lund, Arnie and Program Chair-Tan, Desney},
 title = {CHI '08: CHI '08 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems},
 year = {2008},
 isbn = {978-1-60558-012-X},
 location = {Florence, Italy},
 order_no = {608085},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

% phdthesis

@phdthesis{Clarkson:1985:ACP:911891,
 author = {Clarkson, Kenneth Lee},
 advisor = {Yao, Andrew C.},
 title = {Algorithms for Closest-Point Problems (Computational Geometry)},
 year = {1985},
 note = {AAT 8506171},
 school = {Stanford University},
 address = {Stanford, CA, USA},
 }
% school is being picked up -- but not publisher (which is OK)
% Also -- the title is NOT being output in italics !!! Arrrrgh! - I fixed it. :-)


%%% compare with 'old'
%%% atsign-Phdthesis{Clarkson85,
%%%  author =       "Kenneth L. Clarkson",
%%%  year =         "1985",
%%%  title =        "Algorithms for Closest-Point Problems (Computational Geometry)",
%%%  school =       "Stanford University",
%%%  address =      "Palo Alto, CA",
%%%  note =         "UMI Order Number: AAT 8506171",
%%%  type =         "",
%%%  month =        "",
%%%}

% A bibliography
@Article{1984:1040142,
 key = {{$\!\!$}},
 journal = {SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev.},
 year = {1984},
 issn = {0146-4833},
 volume = {13-14},
 number = {5-1},
 issue_date = {January/April 1984},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }


% grinder
@inproceedings{2004:ITE:1009386.1010128,
 key = {IEEE},
 title = {IEEE TCSC Executive Committee},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Web Services},
 series = {ICWS '04},
 year = {2004},
 isbn = {0-7695-2167-3},
 pages = {21--22},
 OPTurl = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICWS.2004.64},
 doi = {10.1109/ICWS.2004.64},
 acmid = {1010128},
 publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
 address = {Washington, DC, USA},
}

% div book
@book{Mullender:1993:DS(:302430,
 editor = {Mullender, Sape},
 title = {Distributed systems (2nd Ed.)},
 year = {1993},
 isbn = {0-201-62427-3},
 publisher = {ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

% master thesis (as techreport and thesis)

@techreport{Petrie:1986:NAD:899644,
 author = {Petrie, Charles J.},
 title = {New Algorithms for Dependency-Directed Backtracking (Master's thesis)},
 year = {1986},
 source = {http://www.ncstrl.org:8900/ncstrl/servlet/search?formname=detail\&id=oai%3Ancstrlh%3Autexas_cs%3AUTEXAS_CS%2F%2FAI86-33},
 publisher = {University of Texas at Austin},
 address = {Austin, TX, USA},
 }

@MASTERSTHESIS{Petrie:1986:NAD:12345,
 author = {Petrie, Charles J.},
 title = {New Algorithms for Dependency-Directed Backtracking (Master's thesis)},
 year = {1986},
 source = {http://www.ncstrl.org:8900/ncstrl/servlet/search?formname=detail\&id=oai%3Ancstrlh%3Autexas_cs%3AUTEXAS_CS%2F%2FAI86-33},
 school = {University of Texas at Austin},
 address = {Austin, TX, USA},
 }




@BOOK{book-minimal,
   author = "Donald E. Knuth",
   title = "Seminumerical Algorithms",
   publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
   year = "1981",
}

% incollection (has an editor, title, and possibly a booktitle)
@INcollection{KA:2001,
 author = {Kong, Wei-Chang},
 Title = {The implementation of electronic commerce in SMEs in Singapore (as Incoll)},
 booktitle = {E-commerce and cultural values},
 year = {2001},
 isbn = {1-59140-056-2},
 pages = {51--74},
 numpages = {24},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
 acmid = {887010},
 publisher = {IGI Publishing},
 address = {Hershey, PA, USA},
}


% with bibfield 'type' before chapter (note no editor)
@INBOOK{KAGM:2001,
 author = {Kong, Wei-Chang},
 type = {Name of Chapter:},
 chapter = {The implementation of electronic commerce in SMEs in Singapore (Inbook-w-chap-w-type)},
 title = {E-commerce and cultural values},
 year = {2001},
 isbn = {1-59140-056-2},
 pages = {51--74},
 numpages = {24},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
 acmid = {887010},
 publisher = {IGI Publishing},
 address = {Hershey, PA, USA},
}

%%% Notes! This is because the atsign-INBOOK citation type specifies EITHER
%%% editor or author, but not both. In my experiments with the harvard/dcu
%%% bibtex style (and presumably this applies to other styles too), bibtex
%%% ignores the editor information if author information exists in an
%%% atsign-INBOOK entry. atsign-INCOLLECTION is far more commonly used in my references,
%%% and in the absence of an editor I believe most bibtex styles will just
%%% ommit the editor from the reference - the chapter information will not
%%% end up in the in-text citation as you suggest it should be but at least
%%% there is a place to put the editor if necessary.



% was 'Inbook' -- changed to incollection - (editor is different to author) - need to tell Asad to codify as such.
@incollection{Kong:2002:IEC:887006.887010,
  author =      {Kong, Wei-Chang},
  editor =      {Theerasak Thanasankit},
  title =       {Chapter 9},
  booktitle =   {E-commerce and cultural values (Incoll-w-text (chap 9) 'title')},
  year =        {2002},
  address =     {Hershey, PA, USA},
  publisher =   {IGI Publishing},
  OPTurl =         {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
  pages =       {51--74},
  numpages =    {24},
  acmid =       {887010},
  isbn =        {1-59140-056-2},
  number =      "",
  type =        "",
  month =       "",
  note =        "",
}

% incol when the chapter is 'text' - due to presence of editor (different to author)
@incollection{Kong:2003:IEC:887006.887011,
 author = {Kong, Wei-Chang},
 title = {The implementation of electronic commerce in SMEs in Singapore (Incoll)},
 booktitle = {E-commerce and cultural values},
 editor = {Thanasankit, Theerasak},
 year = {2003},
 isbn = {1-59140-056-2},
 pages = {51--74},
 numpages = {24},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
 acmid = {887010},
 publisher = {IGI Publishing},
 address = {Hershey, PA, USA},
}

% ------ test
%incollection{Kong:2003:IEC:887006.887010,
% author = {Kong, Wei-Chang},
% chapter = {The implementation of electronic commerce in SMEs in Singapore (Incoll-text-in-chap)},
% booktitle = {booktitle E-commerce and cultural values},
% title =   {The title},
% editor = {Thanasankit, Theerasak},
% year = {2003},
% isbn = {1-59140-056-2},
% pages = {51--74},
% numpages = {24},
% url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
% acmid = {887010},
% publisher = {IGI Publishing},
% address = {Hershey, PA, USA},
%}


% ---------





% Need inbook with num in chapter

% and inbook with number in chapter
@InBook{Kong:2004:IEC:123456.887010,
  author =      {Kong, Wei-Chang},
  editor =      {Theerasak Thanasankit},
  title =       {E-commerce and cultural values - (InBook-num-in-chap)},
  chapter =     {9},
  year =        {2004},
  address =     {Hershey, PA, USA},
  publisher =   {IGI Publishing},
  OPTurl =         {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
  pages =       {51--74},
  numpages =    {24},
  acmid =       {887010},
  isbn =        {1-59140-056-2},
  number =      "",
  type =        "",
  month =       "",
  note =        "",
}


% and inbook with text in chapter
@Inbook{Kong:2005:IEC:887006.887010,
  author =      {Kong, Wei-Chang},
  editor =      {Theerasak Thanasankit},
  title =       {E-commerce and cultural values (Inbook-text-in-chap)},
  chapter =     {The implementation of electronic commerce in SMEs in Singapore},
  year =        {2005},
  address =     {Hershey, PA, USA},
  publisher =   {IGI Publishing},
  OPTurl =         {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
  type =        {Chapter:},
  pages =       {51--74},
  numpages =    {24},
  acmid =       {887010},
  isbn =        {1-59140-056-2},
  number =      "",
  month =       "",
  note =        "",
}


% and inbook with a num and type field
@Inbook{Kong:2006:IEC:887006.887010,
  author =      {Kong, Wei-Chang},
  editor =      {Theerasak Thanasankit},
  title =       {E-commerce and cultural values (Inbook-num chap)},
  chapter =     {22},
  year =        {2006},
  address =     {Hershey, PA, USA},
  publisher =   {IGI Publishing},
  OPTurl =         {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
  type =        {Chapter (in type field)},
  pages =       {51--74},
  numpages =    {24},
  acmid =       {887010},
  isbn =        {1-59140-056-2},
  number =      "",
  month =       "",
  note =        "",
}


% and incol coz we have a BLANK chapter - due to presence of editor
%atIncollection{Kong:2006:IEC:887006.887011,
%  author =     {Kong, Wei-Chang},
%  editor =     {Theerasak Thanasankit},
%  title =      "The title"
%  booktitle =  {E-commerce and cultural values (Incol-coz-blank-chap)},
%  year =       {2006},
%  address =    {Hershey, PA, USA},
%  publisher =  {IGI Publishing},
%  url =        {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=887006.887010},
%  type =       {Type!},
%  chapter =    {},
%  pages =      {51--74},
%  numpages =   {24},
%  acmid =      {887010},
%  isbn =       {1-59140-056-2},
%  number =     "",
%  month =      "",
%  note =       "",
%}

@article{SaeediMEJ10,
            author = {Mehdi Saeedi and Morteza Saheb Zamani and Mehdi Sedighi},
            title = {A library-based synthesis methodology for reversible logic},
            journal = {Microelectron. J.},
            volume = {41},
            number = {4},
            month = apr,
            year = {2010},
            pages = {185--194},
}

@ARTICLE{SaeediJETC10,
            author = {Mehdi Saeedi and Morteza Saheb Zamani and Mehdi Sedighi and Zahra Sasanian},
            title = {Synthesis of Reversible Circuit Using Cycle-Based Approach},
            journal = {J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst.},
            volume = {6},
            number = {4},
            month = dec,
            year = {2010}
            }

% Asad's new version
@article{Kirschmer:2010:AEI:1958016.1958018,
 author = {Kirschmer, Markus and Voight, John},
 title = {Algorithmic Enumeration of Ideal Classes for Quaternion Orders},
 journal = {SIAM J. Comput.},
 issue_date = {January 2010},
 volume = {39},
 number = {5},
 month = jan,
 year = {2010},
 issn = {0097-5397},
 pages = {1714--1747},
 numpages = {34},
 url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/080734467},
 doi = {10.1137/080734467},
 acmid = {1958018},
 publisher = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics},
 address = {Philadelphia, PA, USA},
 keywords = {ideal classes, maximal orders, number theory, quaternion algebras},
}


% incol due to presence of booktitle
@incollection{Hoare:1972:CIN:1243380.1243382,
 author = {Hoare, C. A. R.},
 title = {Chapter II: Notes on data structuring},
 booktitle = {Structured programming (incoll)},
 editor = {Dahl, O. J. and Dijkstra, E. W. and Hoare, C. A. R.},
 year = {1972},
 isbn = {0-12-200550-3},
 pages = {83--174},
 numpages = {92},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1243380.1243382},
 acmid = {1243382},
 publisher = {Academic Press Ltd.},
 address = {London, UK, UK},
}

% incol due to presence of booktitle
@incollection{Lee:1978:TQA:800025.1198348,
 author = {Lee, Jan},
 title = {Transcript of question and answer session},
 booktitle = {History of programming languages I (incoll)},
 editor = {Wexelblat, Richard L.},
 year = {1981},
 isbn = {0-12-745040-8},
 pages = {68--71},
 numpages = {4},
 OPTurl = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/800025.1198348},
 doi = {10.1145/800025.1198348},
 acmid = {1198348},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

% incol due to booktitle
@incollection{Dijkstra:1979:GSC:1241515.1241518,
 author = {Dijkstra, E.},
 title = {Go to statement considered harmful},
 booktitle = {Classics in software engineering (incoll)},
 year = {1979},
 isbn = {0-917072-14-6},
 pages = {27--33},
 numpages = {7},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1241515.1241518},
 acmid = {1241518},
 publisher = {Yourdon Press},
 address = {Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA},
}

% incol due to booktitle
@incollection{Wenzel:1992:TVA:146022.146089,
 author = {Wenzel, Elizabeth M.},
 title = {Three-dimensional virtual acoustic displays},
 booktitle = {Multimedia interface design (incoll)},
 year = {1992},
 isbn = {0-201-54981-6},
 pages = {257--288},
 numpages = {32},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=146022.146089},
 doi = {10.1145/146022.146089},
 acmid = {146089},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

% incol due to booktitle
@incollection{Mumford:1987:MES:54905.54911,
 author = {Mumford, E.},
 title = {Managerial expert systems and organizational change: some critical research issues},
 booktitle = {Critical issues in information systems research (incoll)},
 year = {1987},
 isbn = {0-471-91281-6},
 pages = {135--155},
 numpages = {21},
 OPTurl = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=54905.54911},
 acmid = {54911},
 publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

@book{McCracken:1990:SSC:575315,
 author = {McCracken, Daniel D. and Golden, Donald G.},
 title = {Simplified Structured COBOL with Microsoft/MicroFocus COBOL},
 year = {1990},
 isbn = {0471514071},
 publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
}

% Let's include Boris / BBeeton entries  (multi-volume works)

@book {MR781537,
    AUTHOR = {H{\"o}rmander, Lars},
     TITLE = {The analysis of linear partial differential operators. {III}},
    SERIES = {Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental
              Principles of Mathematical Sciences]},
    VOLUME = {275},
      NOTE = {Pseudodifferential operators},
PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
   ADDRESS = {Berlin, Germany},
      YEAR = {1985},
     PAGES = {viii+525},
      ISBN = {3-540-13828-5},
   MRCLASS = {35-02 (35Sxx 47G05 58G15)},
  MRNUMBER = {781536 (87d:35002a)},
MRREVIEWER = {Min You Qi},
}

@book {MR781536,
    AUTHOR = {H{\"o}rmander, Lars},
     TITLE = {The analysis of linear partial differential operators. {IV}},
    SERIES = {Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental
              Principles of Mathematical Sciences]},
    VOLUME = {275},
      NOTE = {Fourier integral operators},
PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
   ADDRESS = {Berlin, Germany},
      YEAR = {1985},
     PAGES = {vii+352},
      ISBN = {3-540-13829-3},
   MRCLASS = {35-02 (35Sxx 47G05 58G15)},
  MRNUMBER = {781537 (87d:35002b)},
MRREVIEWER = {Min You Qi},
}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Start of Aptara sample bib entries

% acmsmall-sam.bib
@InProceedings{Adya-01,
  author        = {A. Adya and P. Bahl and J. Padhye and A.Wolman and L. Zhou},
  title         = {A multi-radio unification protocol for {IEEE} 802.11 wireless networks},
  booktitle     = {Proceedings of the IEEE 1st International Conference on Broadnets Networks (BroadNets'04)},
  publisher     = "IEEE",
  address       = "Los Alamitos, CA",
  year          = {2004},
  pages         = "210--217"
}

@article{Akyildiz-01,
  author        = {I. F. Akyildiz and W. Su and Y. Sankarasubramaniam and E. Cayirci},
  title         = {Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey},
  journal       = {Comm. ACM},
  volume        = 38,
  number        = "4",
  year          = {2002},
  pages         = "393--422"
}

@article{Akyildiz-02,
  author        = {I. F. Akyildiz and T. Melodia and K. R. Chowdhury},
  title         = {A Survey on Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks},
  journal       = {Computer Netw.},
  volume        = 51,
  number        = "4",
  year          = {2007},
  pages         = "921--960"
}

@InProceedings{Bahl-02,
  author        = {P. Bahl and R. Chancre and J. Dungeon},
  title         = {{SSCH}: Slotted Seeded Channel Hopping for Capacity Improvement in {IEEE} 802.11 Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks},
  booktitle     = {Proceeding of the 10th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom'04)},
  publisher     = "ACM",
  address       = "New York, NY",
  year          = {2004},
  pages         = "112--117"
}

@misc{CROSSBOW,
  key       = {CROSSBOW},
  title     = {{XBOW} Sensor Motes Specifications},
  note      = {http://www.xbow.com},
  year      = 2008
}

@article{Culler-01,
  author        = {D. Culler and D. Estrin and M. Srivastava},
  title         = {Overview of Sensor Networks},
  journal       = {IEEE Comput.},
  volume        = 37,
  number        = "8 (Special Issue on Sensor Networks)",
  publisher     = "IEEE",
  address       = "Los Alamitos, CA",
  year          = {2004},
  pages         = "41--49"
}

@misc{Harvard-01,
    key         = {Harvard CodeBlue},
    title       = {{CodeBlue}: Sensor Networks for Medical Care},
    note        = {http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/mdw/ proj/codeblue/},
    year        = 2008
}

@InProceedings{Natarajan-01,
    author      = {A. Natarajan and M. Motani and B. de Silva and K. Yap and K. C. Chua},
    title       = {Investigating Network Architectures for Body Sensor Networks},
    booktitle   = {Network Architectures},
    editor      = {G. Whitcomb and P. Neece},
    publisher   = "Keleuven Press",
    address     = "Dayton, OH",
    year        = {2007},
    pages       = "322--328",
    eprint      = "960935712",
    primaryclass = "cs",
}

@techreport{Tzamaloukas-01,
  author        = {A. Tzamaloukas and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves},
  title         = {Channel-Hopping Multiple Access},
  number =        {I-CA2301},
  institution =   {Department of Computer Science, University of California},
  address =       {Berkeley, CA},
  year          = {2000}
}

@BOOK{Zhou-06,
  author        = {G. Zhou and J. Lu and C.-Y. Wan and M. D. Yarvis and J. A. Stankovic},
  title         = {Body Sensor Networks},
  publisher     = "MIT Press",
  address       = "Cambridge, MA",
  year          = {2008}
}

@mastersthesis{ko94,
author = "Jacob Kornerup",
title = "Mapping Powerlists onto Hypercubes",
school = "The University of Texas at Austin",
note = "(In preparation)",
year = "1994"}
%month = "dec",}

@PhdThesis{gerndt:89,
  author =       "Michael Gerndt",
  title =        "Automatic Parallelization for Distributed-Memory
                  Multiprocessing Systems",
  school =       "University of Bonn",
  year =         1989,
  address =      "Bonn, Germany",
  month =        dec
}

@article{6:1:1,
author = "J. E. {Archer, Jr.} and R. Conway and F. B. Schneider",
title = "User recovery and reversal in interactive systems",
journal = "ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.",
volume =  "6",
number = "1",
month = jan,
year = 1984,
pages = "1--19"}

@article{7:1:137,
author = "D. D. Dunlop and V. R. Basili",
title = "Generalizing specifications for uniformly implemented loops",
journal = "ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.",
volume =  "7",
number = "1",
month = jan,
year = 1985,
pages = "137--158"}

@article{7:2:183,
author = "J. Heering and P. Klint",
title = "Towards monolingual programming environments",
journal = "ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.",
volume =  "7",
number = "2",
month = apr,
year = 1985,
pages = "183--213"}

@book{knuth:texbook,
author = "Donald E. Knuth",
title = "The {\TeX{}book}",
publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
address = "Reading, MA.",
year = 1984}

@article{6:3:380,
author = "E. Korach and D.  Rotem and N. Santoro",
title = "Distributed algorithms for finding centers and medians in networks",
journal = "ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.",
volume =  "6",
number = "3",
month = jul,
year = 1984,
pages = "380--401"}

@book{lamport:latex,
author = "Leslie Lamport",
title = "{\LaTeX}: A Document Preparation System",
publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
address = "Reading, MA.",
year = 1986}

@article{7:3:359,
author = "F. Nielson",
title = "Program transformations in a denotational setting",
journal = "ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.",
volume =  "7",
number = "3",
month = jul,
year = 1985,
pages = "359--379"}

%testing
@BOOK{test,
   author = "Donald E. Knuth",
   title = "Seminumerical Algorithms",
   volume = 2,
   series = "The Art of Computer Programming",
   publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
   address = "Reading, MA",
   edition = "2nd",
   month = "10~" # jan,
   year = "1981",
}

@inproceedings{reid:scribe,
author = "Brian K. Reid",
title = "A high-level approach to computer document formatting",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Principles of
  Programming Languages",
month = jan,
year = 1980,
publisher = "ACM",
address = "New York",
pages = "24--31"}

@article{Zhou:2010:MMS:1721695.1721705,
 author = {Zhou, Gang and Wu, Yafeng and Yan, Ting and He, Tian and Huang, Chengdu and Stankovic, John A. and Abdelzaher, Tarek F.},
 title = {A multifrequency MAC specially designed for wireless sensor network applications},
 journal = {ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst.},
 issue_date = {March 2010},
 volume = 9,
 number = 4,
 month = {April},
 year = 2010,
 issn = {1539-9087},
 pages = {39:1--39:41},
 articleno = 39,
 numpages = 41,
 OPTurl = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1721695.1721705},
 doi = {10.1145/1721695.1721705},
 acmid = 1721705,
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {Wireless sensor networks, media access control, multi-channel, radio interference, time synchronization},
}


@misc{TUGInstmem,
  key =          {TUG},
  year  =        2017,
  title =        "Institutional members of the {\TeX} Users Group",
  url =          "http://www.tug.org/instmem.html",
  lastaccessed = "May 27, 2017",
}

@ARTICLE{bowman:reasoning,
    author = {Bowman, Mic and Debray, Saumya K. and Peterson, Larry L.},
    title = {Reasoning About Naming Systems},
    journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
    volume = {15},
    number = {5},
    pages = {795-825},
    month = {November},
    year = {1993},
    doi = {10.1145/161468.161471},
}

@ARTICLE{braams:babel,
    author = {Braams, Johannes},
    title = {Babel, a Multilingual Style-Option System for Use with LaTeX's Standard Document Styles},
    journal = {TUGboat},
    volume = {12},
    number = {2},
    pages = {291-301},
    month = {June},
    year = {1991},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{clark:pct,
  AUTHOR = "Malcolm Clark",
  TITLE = "Post Congress Tristesse",
  BOOKTITLE = "TeX90 Conference Proceedings",
  PAGES = "84-89",
  ORGANIZATION = "TeX Users Group",
  MONTH = "March",
  YEAR = {1991}
}

@ARTICLE{herlihy:methodology,
    author = {Herlihy, Maurice},
    title = {A Methodology for Implementing Highly Concurrent Data Objects},
    journal = {ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.},
    volume = {15},
    number = {5},
    pages = {745-770},
    month = {November},
    year = {1993},
    doi = {10.1145/161468.161469},
}

@BOOK{salas:calculus,
  AUTHOR = "S.L. Salas and Einar Hille",
  TITLE = "Calculus: One and Several Variable",
  PUBLISHER = "John Wiley and Sons",
  ADDRESS = "New York",
  YEAR = "1978"
}

@MANUAL{Fear05,
  title =        {Publication quality tables in {\LaTeX}},
  author =       {Simon Fear},
  month =        {April},
  year =         2005,
  note =         {\url{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/booktabs}}
}

@Manual{Amsthm15,
  title =        {Using the amsthm Package},
  organization = {American Mathematical Society},
  month =        {April},
  year =         2015,
  note =         {\url{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/amsthm}}
}

@misc{R,
    title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
    author = {{R Core Team}},
    organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
    address = {Vienna, Austria},
    year = {2019},
    url = {https://www.R-project.org/},
}

@misc{UMassCitations,
 author    =  {Sam Anzaroot and Andrew McCallum},
 title     =  {{UMass} Citation Field Extraction Dataset},
 year      = 2013,
 url       =
    {http://www.iesl.cs.umass.edu/data/data-umasscitationfield},
 lastaccessed = {May 27, 2019}
}

@inproceedings{bosco2025,
  title={{Preface to the Eleventh Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2025)}},
  author={Bosco, Cristina and Ježek, Elisabetta and Polignano, Marco and Sanguinetti, Manuela},
  booktitle={{Proceedings of the Eleventh Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2025)}},
  year={2025}
}

@ARTICLE{ghighliottina-original,
  author={Basile, Pierpaolo and de Gemmis, Marco and Lops, Pasquale and Semeraro, Giovanni},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games}, 
  title={Solving a Complex Language Game by Using Knowledge-Based Word Associations Discovery}, 
  year={2016},
  volume={8},
  number={1},
  pages={13-26},
  doi={10.1109/TCIAIG.2014.2355859}
}

@inproceedings{manna-etal-2024-riddle,
    title = "Riddle Me This: Evaluating Large Language Models in Solving Word-Based Games",
    author = "Manna, Raffaele  and
      di Buono, Maria Pia  and
      Monti, Johanna",
    editor = "Madge, Chris  and
      Chamberlain, Jon  and
      Fort, Karen  and
      Kruschwitz, Udo  and
      Lukin, Stephanie",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 10th Workshop on Games and Natural Language Processing @ LREC-COLING 2024",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.games-1.11",
    pages = "97--106",
}

@inproceedings{giadikiaroglou-etal-2024-puzzle,
    title = "Puzzle Solving using Reasoning of Large Language Models: A Survey",
    author = "Giadikiaroglou, Panagiotis  and
      Lymperaiou, Maria  and
      Filandrianos, Giorgos  and
      Stamou, Giorgos",
    editor = "Al-Onaizan, Yaser  and
      Bansal, Mohit  and
      Chen, Yun-Nung",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = nov,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Miami, Florida, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.646/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.646",
    pages = "11574--11591",
}

@inproceedings{sarti-etal-2024-non,
    title = "Non Verbis, Sed Rebus: Large Language Models Are Weak Solvers of {I}talian Rebuses",
    author = "Sarti, Gabriele  and
      Caselli, Tommaso  and
      Nissim, Malvina  and
      Bisazza, Arianna",
    editor = "Dell'Orletta, Felice  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Montemagni, Simonetta  and
      Sprugnoli, Rachele",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 10th Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2024)",
    month = dec,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Pisa, Italy",
    publisher = "CEUR Workshop Proceedings",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.clicit-1.96/",
    pages = "888--897",
    ISBN = "979-12-210-7060-6",
}

@inproceedings{cryptic-crosswords,
 author = {Rozner, Josh and Potts, Christopher and Mahowald, Kyle},
 booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
 editor = {M. Ranzato and A. Beygelzimer and Y. Dauphin and P.S. Liang and J. Wortman Vaughan},
 pages = {11409--11421},
 publisher = {Curran Associates, Inc.},
 title = {Decrypting Cryptic Crosswords: Semantically Complex Wordplay Puzzles as a Target for NLP},
 url = {https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2021/file/5f1d3986fae10ed2994d14ecd89892d7-Paper.pdf},
 volume = {34},
 year = {2021}
}

@inproceedings{saha-etal-2025-language,
    title = "Language Models are Crossword Solvers",
    author = "Saha, Soumadeep  and
      Chakraborty, Sutanoya  and
      Saha, Saptarshi  and
      Garain, Utpal",
    editor = "Chiruzzo, Luis  and
      Ritter, Alan  and
      Wang, Lu",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = apr,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.naacl-long.104/",
    pages = "2074--2090",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-189-6",
}

@inproceedings{sadallah-etal-2025-makes,
    title = "What Makes Cryptic Crosswords Challenging for {LLM}s?",
    author = "Sadallah, Abdelrahman  and
      Kotova, Daria  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina",
    editor = "Rambow, Owen  and
      Wanner, Leo  and
      Apidianaki, Marianna  and
      Al-Khalifa, Hend  and
      Eugenio, Barbara Di  and
      Schockaert, Steven",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics",
    month = jan,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Abu Dhabi, UAE",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.342/",
    pages = "5102--5114",
    abstract = "Cryptic crosswords are puzzles that rely on general knowledge and the solver{'}s ability to manipulate language on different levels, dealing with various types of wordplay. Previous research suggests that solving such puzzles is challenging even for modern NLP models, including Large Language Models (LLMs). However, there is little to no research on the reasons for their poor performance on this task. In this paper, we establish the benchmark results for three popular LLMs: Gemma2, LLaMA3 and ChatGPT, showing that their performance on this task is still significantly below that of humans. We also investigate why these models struggle to achieve superior performance. We release our code and introduced datasets at https://github.com/bodasadallah/decrypting-crosswords."
}

@inproceedings{rag,
author = {Lewis, Patrick and Perez, Ethan and Piktus, Aleksandra and Petroni, Fabio and Karpukhin, Vladimir and Goyal, Naman and K\"{u}ttler, Heinrich and Lewis, Mike and Yih, Wen-tau and Rockt\"{a}schel, Tim and Riedel, Sebastian and Kiela, Douwe},
title = {Retrieval-augmented generation for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks},
year = {2020},
isbn = {9781713829546},
publisher = {Curran Associates Inc.},
address = {Red Hook, NY, USA},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems},
numpages = {16},
location = {Vancouver, BC, Canada},
series = {NIPS '20}
}

@inproceedings{webcrow,
  title={WebCrow: A Web-Based System for Crossword Solving},
  author={Marco Ernandes and Giovanni Angelini and Marco Gori},
  booktitle={AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  year={2005},
  url={https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/11590323_37}
}

@inproceedings{italian-crossword-solver,
  title={Solving Italian Crosswords Using the Web},
  author={Giovanni Angelini and Marco Ernandes and Marco Gori},
  booktitle={International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence},
  year={2005},
  url={https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/11558590_40}
}


@InProceedings{clip,
  title = 	 {Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision},
  author =       {Radford, Alec and Kim, Jong Wook and Hallacy, Chris and Ramesh, Aditya and Goh, Gabriel and Agarwal, Sandhini and Sastry, Girish and Askell, Amanda and Mishkin, Pamela and Clark, Jack and Krueger, Gretchen and Sutskever, Ilya},
  booktitle = 	 {Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Machine Learning},
  pages = 	 {8748--8763},
  year = 	 {2021},
  editor = 	 {Meila, Marina and Zhang, Tong},
  volume = 	 {139},
  series = 	 {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research},
  month = 	 {18--24 Jul},
  publisher =    {PMLR},
  pdf = 	 {http://proceedings.mlr.press/v139/radford21a/radford21a.pdf},
  url = 	 {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v139/radford21a.html},
}

@inproceedings{ciaccio-et-al-2025-lexical,
    title = "Evaluating Lexical Proficiency in Neural Language Models",
    author = "Ciaccio, Cristiano and
            Miaschi, Alessio and
            Dell'Orletta, Felice",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
}

@inproceedings{zugarini2021multi,
  title={A Multi-Strategy Approach to Crossword Clue Answer Retrieval and Ranking},
  author={Zugarini, Andrea and Ernandes, Marco},
  booktitle={CLiC-it},
  year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{severyn-etal-2015-distributional,
    title = "Distributional Neural Networks for Automatic Resolution of Crossword Puzzles",
    author = "Severyn, Aliaksei  and
      Nicosia, Massimo  and
      Barlacchi, Gianni  and
      Moschitti, Alessandro",
    editor = "Zong, Chengqing  and
      Strube, Michael",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2015",
    address = "Beijing, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/P15-2033/",
    doi = "10.3115/v1/P15-2033",
    pages = "199--204"
}


@inproceedings{ciaccio-et-al-2025-spelling,
    title = "Beyond the Spelling Miracle: Investigating Substring Awareness in Character-Blind Language Models",
    author = "Ciaccio, Cristiano and
            Sartor, Marta and
            Miaschi, Alessio and
            Dell'Orletta, Felice",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
}

@inproceedings{edman-etal-2024-cute,
    title = "{CUTE}: Measuring {LLM}s' Understanding of Their Tokens",
    author = "Edman, Lukas  and
      Schmid, Helmut  and
      Fraser, Alexander",
    editor = "Al-Onaizan, Yaser  and
      Bansal, Mohit  and
      Chen, Yun-Nung",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = nov,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Miami, Florida, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.177/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.177",
    pages = "3017--3026",
}

@incollection{shapiro1992ai,
  author    = {Shapiro, Stuart C.},
  title     = {Artificial Intelligence},
  booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence},
  edition   = {2nd},
  editor    = {Shapiro, Stuart C.},
  publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.},
  address   = {New York},
  year      = {1992},
  pages     = {54--57}
}


@article{ginsberg2011dr,
  title={Dr. fill: Crosswords and an implemented solver for singly weighted csps},
  author={Ginsberg, Matthew L},
  journal={Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  volume={42},
  pages={851--886},
  year={2011}
}

@InProceedings{littman-2000,
author="Littman, Michael L.",
editor="Marsland, Tony
and Frank, Ian",
title="Review: Computer Language Games",
booktitle="Computers and Games",
year="2001",
publisher="Springer Berlin Heidelberg",
address="Berlin, Heidelberg",
pages="396--404",
abstract="In language games, word meanings play a central role. This means that closed world assumptions that are so powerful in many games cannot be depended on. This paper describes implemented systems that play the language games of American-style crosswords, cryptic crosswords, Trivial Pursuit{\texttrademark}, and punning riddles. These early efforts illustrate the challenge of language games, demonstrate some emerging ideas for tackling language games by computer, and indicate fruitful areas for future research.",
isbn="978-3-540-45579-0"
}


@inproceedings{kulshreshtha-etal-2022-across,
    title = "Down and Across: Introducing Crossword-Solving as a New {NLP} Benchmark",
    author = "Kulshreshtha, Saurabh  and
      Kovaleva, Olga  and
      Shivagunde, Namrata  and
      Rumshisky, Anna",
    editor = "Muresan, Smaranda  and
      Nakov, Preslav  and
      Villavicencio, Aline",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = may,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Dublin, Ireland",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.189/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2022.acl-long.189",
    pages = "2648--2659",
    abstract = "Solving crossword puzzles requires diverse reasoning capabilities, access to a vast amount of knowledge about language and the world, and the ability to satisfy the constraints imposed by the structure of the puzzle. In this work, we introduce solving crossword puzzles as a new natural language understanding task. We release a corpus of crossword puzzles collected from the New York Times daily crossword spanning 25 years and comprised of a total of around nine thousand puzzles. These puzzles include a diverse set of clues: historic, factual, word meaning, synonyms/antonyms, fill-in-the-blank, abbreviations, prefixes/suffixes, wordplay, and cross-lingual, as well as clues that depend on the answers to other clues. We separately release the clue-answer pairs from these puzzles as an open-domain question answering dataset containing over half a million unique clue-answer pairs. For the question answering task, our baselines include several sequence-to-sequence and retrieval-based generative models. We also introduce a non-parametric constraint satisfaction baseline for solving the entire crossword puzzle. Finally, we propose an evaluation framework which consists of several complementary performance metrics."
}

@inproceedings{ciaccio2025crosswords,
  title={Crossword Space: Latent Manifold Learning for Italian Crosswords and Beyond},
  author={Ciaccio, Cristiano and Sarti, Gabriele and Miaschi, Alessio and Dell'Orletta, Felice},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 11th Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2025)},
  year={2025}
}


@inproceedings{uniba,
    author = {Basile, Pierpaolo},
    title = {UNIBA at Cruciverb-IT: Solving crosswords with encoder-decoder models and beam search},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)},
    publisher = {CEUR.org},
    year = {2026},
    month = {February},
    address = {Bari, Italy}
}

@inproceedings{unitor,
    author = {Shcherbakov, Andriy and Croce, Danilo and Basili, Roberto},
    title = {UniTor at Cruciverb-IT: Retrieval-Augmented Two-Step Reasoning for Italian Crossword Clue Answering},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)},
    publisher = {CEUR.org},
    year = {2026},
    month = {February},
    address = {Bari, Italy}
}

@inproceedings{ac-dg,
    author = {Yassine, Ali and Savelli, Claudio and Napolitano, Davide and Gallipoli, Giuseppe and Cagliero, Luca and Baralis, Elena},
    title = {AC/DG at Cruciverb-IT: Retrieval-Based Approaches for Italian Crossword Clue Answering},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)},
    publisher = {CEUR.org},
    year = {2026},
    month = {February},
    address = {Bari, Italy}
}

@inproceedings{fft-uniba,
    author = {Porcelli, Andrea and Di Gravina, Filippo and Fontana, Emanuele and Curri, Mattia and Di Gregorio, Francesco Damiano},
    title = {FFT-UniBa at Cruciverb-IT: Special Length Tokens and CSP for Italian Crossword Solving},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)},
    publisher = {CEUR.org},
    year = {2026},
    month = {February},
    address = {Bari, Italy}
}

@inproceedings{minds,
    author = {Giobergia, Flavio},
    title = {MINDS at Cruciverb-IT: Solving Italian Crossword Clues with Masked Language Models and Candidate Pooling},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Ninth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian. Final Workshop (EVALITA 2026)},
    publisher = {CEUR.org},
    year = {2026},
    month = {February},
    address = {Bari, Italy}
}

@misc{multi2024m3,
  title={M3-Embedding: Multi-Linguality, Multi-Functionality, Multi-Granularity Text Embeddings Through Self-Knowledge Distillation},
  author={Multi-Granularity, Multi-Linguality Multi-Functionality},
  year={2024},
  publisher={OpenReview}
}

@book{robertson2009probabilistic,
  title={The probabilistic relevance framework: BM25 and beyond},
  author={Robertson, Stephen and Zaragoza, Hugo},
  volume={4},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Now Publishers Inc}
}

@inproceedings{de2008z3,
  title={Z3: An efficient SMT solver},
  author={De Moura, Leonardo and Bj{\o}rner, Nikolaj},
  booktitle={International conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems},
  pages={337--340},
  year={2008},
  organization={Springer}
}

@article{yang2025qwen3,
  title={Qwen3 technical report},
  author={Yang, An and Li, Anfeng and Yang, Baosong and Zhang, Beichen and Hui, Binyuan and Zheng, Bo and Yu, Bowen and Gao, Chang and Huang, Chengen and Lv, Chenxu and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.09388},
  year={2025}
}

