Question:
Suppose that $N$ can be written in base $6$ as $531340_6$ and in base $8$ as $124154_8$. In base $10$, what is the remainder when $N$ is divided by $210$?

Answer:
The prime factorization of $210 = 2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 7$. By the Chinese Remainder Theorem, it suffices to find the residues of $N$ modulo $5$, $6$, and $7$. Since the units digit of $N$ in base $6$ is equal to $0$, it follows that $N$ is divisible by $6$. Also, we note that $N$ is congruent modulo $b-1$ to the sum of its base $b$ digits. Indeed, if $N$ can be represented as $(\overline{a_ka_{k-1}\cdots a_0})_b$, then \begin{align*}N &\equiv a_k \cdot b^k + a_{k-1} \cdot b^{k-1} + \cdots + a_1 \cdot b + a_0 \\ &\equiv a_k \cdot ((b-1) + 1)^k + \cdots + a_1 \cdot ((b-1) + 1) + a_0 \\
& \equiv a_k + a_{k-1} + \cdots + a_1 + a_0 \pmod{b-1}.
\end{align*}It follows that $N \equiv 5+3+1+3+4+0 \equiv 1 \pmod{5}$ and that $N \equiv 1 + 2 + 4 + 1 + 5 + 4 \equiv 3 \pmod{7}.$ By the Chinese Remainder Theorem and inspection, we determine that $N \equiv 31 \pmod{35}$, so that (by the Chinese Remainder Theorem again) $N \equiv \boxed{66} \pmod{210}$.