Question:
Given that $f(3)=5$ and $f(3x)=f(x)+2$ for all $x > 0$, find $f^{-1}(11)$.

Answer:
We are looking for some $x$ such that $f(x)=11$.  We notice that by tripling $x$ we can increase $f(x)$ by 2 and also that $f(3)=5$.

Applying $f(3x)=f(x)+2$ repeatedly, we have: \begin{align*}
f(3)&=5 \\
\Rightarrow \quad f(9)&= 7 \\
\Rightarrow \quad f(27)&=9 \\
\Rightarrow \quad f(81)&=11.
\end{align*}So $f^{-1}(11)=\boxed{81}$.