Question:
Line segment $\overline{AB}$ is extended past $A$ to $P$ such that $AP:PB = 1:4.$  Then
\[\overrightarrow{P} = t \overrightarrow{A} + u \overrightarrow{B}\]for some constants $t$ and $u.$  Enter the ordered pair $(t,u).$

[asy]
unitsize(1 cm);

pair A, B, P;

A = (0,0);
B = (5,1);
P = interp(A,B,-1/3);

draw(B--P);

dot("$A$", A, S);
dot("$B$", B, S);
dot("$P$", P, S);
[/asy]

Answer:
Since $AP:PB = 1:4,$ we can write
\[\frac{\overrightarrow{A} - \overrightarrow{P}}{1} = \frac{\overrightarrow{B} - \overrightarrow{P}}{4}.\]Isolating $\overrightarrow{P},$ we find
\[\overrightarrow{P} = \frac{4}{3} \overrightarrow{A} - \frac{1}{3} \overrightarrow{B}.\]Thus, $(t,u) = \boxed{\left( \frac{4}{3}, -\frac{1}{3} \right)}.$