Question:
How many whole numbers less than $18,\!632$ are congruent to $ 23 \pmod {37} $?

Answer:
Every positive integer, $ n \equiv 23\pmod{37}, $ can be written in the form: $23 + 37k$. Thus for every $n<18,632,$ $$0 < 23+37k < 18,632.$$ Since $k$ must be a whole number, $$0 \le k \le 502.$$


The set of all $ n \equiv 23\pmod{37} < 18,632$ is then: $$ \{ 23+37(0), \; 23+37(1), \; 23+37(2), \; ..., \; 23+37(502) \}. $$ Counting the number of elements in this set yields $502-0+1= \boxed{503}$ positive integers less than 18,632 which are congruent to $23\pmod{37}.$