A New Index Modulation for LoRa

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Jae-Mo Kang

Published: 2023, Last Modified: 12 Nov 2025IEEE Internet Things J. 2023EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Long range (LoRa) is a widely adopted Internet of Things (IoT) technique, but its fatal limit is a low-data rate. In this letter, we propose a new index modulation for LoRa to increase the data rate, in which multiple quasi-orthogonal chirps modulated under different spreading factors (SFs) are concurrently transmitted, thereby leveraging the SF domain as a means to carry more information. Both the coherent and noncoherent detection algorithms for the proposed index modulation are also developed in efficient forms. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme notably outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques.