Abstract: In this paper, we present a formative evaluation procedure that we have applied to the Communicator dialog system. In the system improvement process, we have recognized the need to identify interaction failures through passive observation of system use. By systematizing the process of dialog evaluation, we hope to gain a mechanism for effectively communicating descriptions of interaction failures, specifically for use in system improvement. Additionally, we argue that this process can be taught to and executed by an evaluator external to the system development process, with the same proficiency as someone intimately familiar with the mechanics of the system components.
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