EEG-Bench: A Benchmark for EEG Foundation Models in Clinical Applications

Ard Kastrati, Josua Bürki, Jonas Lauer, Cheng Xuan, Raffaele Iaquinto, Roger Wattenhofer

Keywords: EEG Benchmark, Clinical, Generalization, Foundation Models

TL;DR: A benchmark that compares foundation models for EEG and classical methods on various standardized tasks for clinical applications.

Abstract: We introduce a unified benchmarking framework focused on evaluating EEG-based foundation models in clinical applications. The benchmark spans 11 well-defined diagnostic tasks across 14 publicly available EEG datasets, including epilepsy, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, OCD, and mild traumatic brain injury. It features minimal preprocessing, standardized evaluation protocols, and enables side-by-side comparisons of classical baselines and modern foundation models. Our results show that while foundation models achieve strong performance in certain settings, simpler models often remain competitive, particularly under clinical distribution shifts. To facilitate reproducibility and adoption, we release all prepared data and code in an accessible and extensible format.

Submission Number: 45