HSTrans: Homogeneous substructures transformer for predicting frequencies of drug-side effects

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Kaiyi Xu, Minhui Wang, Xin Zou, Jingjing Liu, Ao Wei, Jiajia Chen, Chang Tang

Published: 2025, Last Modified: 13 Feb 2026Neural Networks 2025EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Highlights•We represents drug and SE with substructures, ensuring unified embedding spaces.•HSTrans builds a interaction module to learn associations between substructures.•It outperforms other models, achieving state-of-the-art performance.