Abstract: Highlights•Numerical simulations of under-expanded jets in ideal and non-ideal regimes.•Assessment of mesh adaptation criteria for ideal and non-ideal under-expanded jets.•Anisotropic mesh adaptation based on density and Mach number are the best criteria.•Simulation of under-expanded jets with five fluids in non-ideal regimes.•Investigation of the non-ideal effects on the position and radius of Mach disk.
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