Immune cooperation mechanism based learning framework

Pengtao Zhang, Ying Tan

Abstract: Highlights•Immune cooperation based learning-ICL utilizes cooperation effect of immune signals.•ICL framework takes advantage of real-valued immune signals instead of binary ones.•The danger zone is an unnecessary step for artificial immune system (AIS).•The antigen-specific-nonspecific features are explicitly defined in this paper.•ICL-MD model greatly outperforms global/local concentration based approaches.