A two-stage large-scale multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on offset direction sampling and dual-layer competition

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Zhen Yang, Xun Li, Xingyi Zhang, Yunliang Jiang, Zhongmei Li, Lulin Zhou

Published: 2026, Last Modified: 21 Jan 2026Expert Syst. Appl. 2026EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0