Spurious reconstruction from brain activity

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Ken Shirakawa, Yoshihiro Nagano, Misato Tanaka, Shuntaro C. Aoki, Yusuke Muraki, Kei Majima, Yukiyasu Kamitani

Published: 01 Jan 2025, Last Modified: 24 Sept 2025Neural Networks 2025EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Highlights•Zero-shot prediction is a hallmark of image reconstruction under limited data.•Text-guided methods fail to reconstruct novel images in a well-designed dataset.•Limited dataset diversity causes model outputs to collapse onto known images.•Text features do not recover an image, promoting hallucinations.•Compositional features plus diverse data enable authentic reconstruction.