Advancing container port traffic simulation: A data-driven machine learning approach in sparse data environments

Xinan Chen, Rong Qu, Jing Dong, Haibo Dong, Ruibin Bai

Abstract: Highlights•A new learning-based transportation simulation model enhancing simulation accuracy.•Integrated Genetic Programming and Reinforcement Learning into the simulation model.•Demonstrated the model’s robust functionality even without precise GPS data.•Conducted extensive comparisons with other methods, proved the superiority.