Avoid Recommending Out-of-Domain Items: Constrained Generative Recommendation with LLMs

Hao Liao, Wensheng Lu, Jianxun Lian, Mingqi Wu, Shuo Wang, Yong Zhang, Yitian Huang, Ming-Yang Zhou, Xing Xie

Abstract: Recommender systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are often plagued by hallucinations of out-of-domain (OOD) items. To address this, we propose RecLM, a unified framework that bridges the gap between retrieval and generation by instantiating three grounding paradigms under a single architecture: embedding-based retrieval, constrained generation over rewritten item titles, and discrete item-tokenizer generation. Using the same backbone LLM and prompts, we systematically compare these three views on public benchmarks. RecLM strictly eradicates OOD recommendations (OOD@10 = 0) across all variants, and the constrained generation variants RecLM-cgen and RecLM-token achieve overall state-of-the-art accuracy compared to both strong ID-based and LLM-based baselines. Our unified view provides a systematic basis for comparing three distinct paradigms to reduce item hallucinations, offering a practical framework to facilitate the application of LLMs to recommendation tasks. Source code is at https://github.com/microsoft/RecAI.

External IDs:dblp:journals/corr/abs-2505-03336