Deep learning algorithms to detect diabetic kidney disease from retinal photographs in multiethnic populations with diabetes

Bjorn Kaijun Betzler, Evelyn Chee, Feng He, Cynthia Ciwei Lim, Jinyi Ho, Haslina Hamzah, Ngiap Chuan Tan, Gerald Liew, Gareth J. McKay, Ruth E. Hogg, Ian S. Young, Ching-Yu Cheng, Su Chi Lim, Aaron Y. Lee, Tien Yin Wong, Mong-Li Lee, Wynne Hsu, Gavin Siew Wei Tan, Charumathi Sabanayagam

Abstract: To develop a deep learning algorithm (DLA) to detect diabetic kideny disease (DKD) from retinal photographs of patients with diabetes, and evaluate performance in multiethnic populations.