A Survey on Cooperative Architectures and Maneuvers for Connected and Automated Vehicles

Bernhard Häfner, Vaibhav Bajpai, Jörg Ott, Georg A. Schmitt

Abstract: With increasing connectivity, more and more advanced forms of cooperation among vehicles have become possible. Research has shown that vehicle-to-vehicle communication can improve road safety. However, more recent research advances regarding complex interactions such as cooperative maneuver negotiation have not yet gained much attention. Thus, in this survey, we analyze proposals for maneuver coordination protocols among automated vehicles. We include the communication, computation, and decision-making architectures commonly employed and a categorization scheme for different application-layer protocols enabling cooperative maneuvers. Next, we summarize related standardization, industry alliances, and research projects. As this field of research is still emerging, we also identify the diverse challenges that lie ahead before cooperative maneuver negotiations among automated vehicles can become a reality.