Abstract: Highlights•A 3-D Epanechnikov Kernel (EK) is deduced.•Statistic Theories of 3-D Epanechnikov Mixture Regression (EMR) is proposed.•Improving the EM algorithm using Mean Square Error (MSE) based optimization.•Using the 3-D EMR we proposed in image coding and it outperforms Guassian Mixture Regression in some cases.•A coding framework based on Adaptive Mode Selection (AMS) using GMR and EMR.
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