A manifesto on explainability for artificial intelligence in medicine

Carlo Combi, Beatrice Amico, Riccardo Bellazzi, Andreas Holzinger, Jason H. Moore, Marinka Zitnik, John H. Holmes

Abstract: Highlights•AI in Medicine becomes increasingly ubiquitous, with new concerns and questions:•How does an AI algorithm work — what is it doing?•Does an AI system work as well as an expert?•Does an AI system do what a user would do, were she in the same situation?•Why cannot the system tell a user how it arrived at a conclusion or made a decision?•Here, we deal with the need to address gaps in the explainability of AI in Medicine.