Near-Linear Time Approximation Algorithms for Curve Simplification

Pankaj K. Agarwal, Sariel Har-Peled, Nabil H. Mustafa, Yusu Wang

Abstract: We consider the problem of approximating a polygonal curve P under a given error criterion by another polygonal curve P’ whose vertices are a subset of the vertices of P. The goal is to minimize the number of vertices of P’ while ensuring that the error between P’ and P is below a certain threshold. We consider two fundamentally different error measures — Hausdor. and Fréchet error measures. For both error criteria, we present near-linear time approximation algorithms that, given a parameter ε > 0, compute a simplified polygonal curve P’ whose error is less than ε and size at most the size of an optimal simplified polygonal curve with error ε/2. We consider monotone curves in the case of Hausdorff error measure and arbitrary curves for the Fréchet error measure. We present experimental results demonstrating that our algorithms are simple and fast, and produce close to optimal simplifications in practice.