The impacts of data privacy regulations on food-delivery platforms

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Zijian Zhao, Sen Li

Published: 01 Dec 2025, Last Modified: 23 Oct 2025Transportation Research Part C: Emerging TechnologiesEveryoneRevisionsCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Highlights•This paper examined data privacy regulation impacts on food-delivery platforms.•A novel multi-agent reinforcement learning framework models platform-courier interactions.•Data privacy regulation increases active couriers and improves system performance.•Both platform profit and customer experience benefit under data privacy regulations.•Findings reveal data privacy can create win-win outcomes in the gig economy.