Frugal AI: Introduction, Concepts, Development and Open Questions

Ludovic Arga, François Bélorgey, Arnaud Braud, Romain Carbou, Nathalie Charbonniaud, Catherine Colomes, Lionel Delphin-Poulat, David Excoffier, Christel Fauché, Thomas George, Frédéric Guyard, Thomas Hassan, Quentin Lampin, Vincent Lemaire, Pierre Nodet, Pawel Piotrowski, Krzysztof Sapiejewski, Emilie Sirvent-Hien, Tamara Tosic

Published: 2025, Last Modified: 15 May 2026SIGKDD Explor. 2025EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: This document aims to provide an overview and synopsis of frugal AI, with a particular focus on its role in promoting cost-effective and sustainable innovation in the context of limited resources. It discusses the environmental impact of AI technologies and the importance of optimising AI systems for efficiency and accessibility. It explains the interface between AI, sustainability and innovation. In fourteen sections, it also makes interested readers aware of various research topics related to frugal AI, raises open questions for further exploration, and provides pointers and references.
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