Natural Color Fool: Towards Boosting Black-box Unrestricted AttacksDownload PDF

Published: 31 Oct 2022, Last Modified: 12 Mar 2024NeurIPS 2022 AcceptReaders: Everyone
Keywords: unrestricted color attack, transferability, flexible, natural, semantic-based
TL;DR: we propose a Natural Color Fool (NCF), which fully exploits color distributions of semantic classes in an image to craft human-imperceptible, flexible, and highly transferable adversarial examples.
Abstract: Unrestricted color attacks, which manipulate semantically meaningful color of an image, have shown their stealthiness and success in fooling both human eyes and deep neural networks. However, current works usually sacrifice the flexibility of the uncontrolled setting to ensure the naturalness of adversarial examples. As a result, the black-box attack performance of these methods is limited. To boost transferability of adversarial examples without damaging image quality, we propose a novel Natural Color Fool (NCF) which is guided by realistic color distributions sampled from a publicly available dataset and optimized by our neighborhood search and initialization reset. By conducting extensive experiments and visualizations, we convincingly demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Notably, on average, results show that our NCF can outperform state-of-the-art approaches by 15.0%$\sim$32.9% for fooling normally trained models and 10.0%$\sim$25.3% for evading defense methods. Our code is available at https://github.com/VL-Group/Natural-Color-Fool.
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