Mobility Optimization on Cyber Physical System via Multiple Object Tracking and Mathematical Programming

Nozomi Hata, Takashi Nakayama, Akira Tanaka, Takashi Wakamatsu, Akihiro Yoshida, Nariaki Tateiwa, Yuri Nishikawa, Jun Ozawa, Katsuki Fujisawa

Abstract: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are attracting significant attention from a number of industries, including social infrastructure, manufacturing, retail, among others. We can easily gather big datasets of people and transportation movements by utilizing camera and sensor technologies, and create new industrial applications by optimizing and simulating social mobility in the cyberspace. In this paper, we develop the system which automatically performs a series of processes, including object detection, multiple object tracking, and mobility optimization. The mobility of humans and objects is one of the essential components in the real world. Therefore, our system can be widely applied to various application fields. Our major contributions to this paper are remarkable performance improvement of multiple object tracking and building the new mobility optimization engine. In the former, we improve the multiple object tracker using K-Shortest Paths (KSP), which achieves significant data reduction and acceleration by specifying and deleting unnecessary nodes. Numerical experiments show that our proposed tracker is over three times faster than the original KSP tracker while keeping the accuracy. We formulate the mobility optimization problem as the SATisfiability problem (SAT) and the Integer Programming problem (IP) in the latter. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the total transit time can be reduced from 30 s to 10 s. We discuss the characteristics of solutions obtained by the two formulations. We can finally select the appropriate optimization method according to the constraints of calculation time and accuracy for real applications.