Abstract: Extended reality (XR) technology plays a crucial role in vocational education and training in the smart era, and it has a significant impact on the cultivation of talents with innovative and comprehensive skills. We can identify current research hotspots and assess the depth and breadth of existing research so that we can fill the gaps in research in a timely manner. To achieve this goal, we used two software tools, Vosviewer and Citespace, to conduct a detailed multidimensional visualisation and analysis of 240 documents in the Web of Science (WoS) database since the 21st century. Our study reveals the following key findings: 1) The publication volume of the literature has shown a steady growth trend since 2000 to 2019, and has witnessed a significant increase between 2019 and 2024. Meanwhile, author groups such as Cattaneo, Alberto and Hamalainen, Raija are gradually becoming more representative scholars producing more articles.2) The field has clearly fostered three dominant research foci, which are: exploring VET based on an educational psychology perspective, approaching VET from a computer science and technology aspect, and focusing on the use of XR technology devices. 3) XR technology in vocational education and training shows a clear stage-by-stage evolution and is moving towards a deeper level of technological application. Some researchers have begun to focus on the construction of student-oriented educational models as well as teachers' acceptance and use of the technology.
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