Authenticable dynamic quantum secret sharing with hierarchical access structure

Nancy Mittal, Deepa Rathi, Sanjeev Kumar

Abstract: This work introduces a dynamic hierarchical quantum secret sharing scheme that utilizes the quantum Fourier transform and the generalized Hadamard gate. In this scheme, the distributor transmits both the secrets, quantum and classical information simultaneously to the participants. The authenticity of the participants is ensured by employing the generalized Bell state. The access structure is flexible and can be modified, allowing the number of participants to increase or decrease, whenever the shared classical secret is updated, without requiring any changes to each of the individual hierarchical secrets held by participants. We examine two scenarios concerning the addition of participants: the first involves incorporating a new participant into an existing level, while the second involves introducing an entirely new level within the hierarchical structure. Additionally, the security analysis demonstrates that the proposed protocol is resilient to intercept-and-resend, collusion, entangle-and-measure, forgery, and denial attacks.