Mathematical modeling and analysis of microwave-assisted freeze-drying in biopharmaceutical applications

Jinwoo Park, Jae Hyun Cho, Richard D. Braatz

Abstract: Highlights•Freeze-drying using concurrent microwave irradiation and heat conduction is explored.•A mechanistic model predicts a factor of five reduction in the primary drying time.•The influence of microwave power and other design parameters is investigated.•An analytical solution is derived based on some reasonable approximations.•The model has low enough computational cost to be used in real-time control.