Peak-A-Boo! Generating Multi-objective Multiple Peaks Benchmark Problems with Precise Pareto Sets

Lennart Schäpermeier, Pascal Kerschke, Christian Grimme, Heike Trautmann

Published: 01 Jan 2023, Last Modified: 07 Jan 2026CrossrefEveryoneRevisionsCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: The design and choice of benchmark suites are ongoing topics of discussion in the multi-objective optimization community. Some suites provide a good understanding of their Pareto sets and fronts, such as the well-known DTLZ and ZDT problems. However, they lack diversity in their landscape properties and do not provide a mechanism for creating multiple distinct problem instances. Other suites, like bi-objective BBOB, possess diverse and challenging landscape properties, but their optima are not well understood and can only be approximated empirically without any guarantees.
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