Neural Speed Reading with Structural-Jump-LSTM

Christian Hansen, Casper Hansen, Stephen Alstrup, Jakob Grue Simonsen, Christina Lioma

Abstract:

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) can model natural language by sequentially ''reading'' input tokens and outputting a distributed representation of each token. Due to the sequential nature of RNNs, inference time is linearly dependent on the input length, and all inputs are read regardless of their importance. Efforts to speed up this inference, known as ''neural speed reading'', either ignore or skim over part of the input. We present Structural-Jump-LSTM: the first neural speed reading model to both skip and jump text during inference. The model consists of a standard LSTM and two agents: one capable of skipping single words when reading, and one capable of exploiting punctuation structure (sub-sentence separators (,:), sentence end symbols (.!?), or end of text markers) to jump ahead after reading a word.
A comprehensive experimental evaluation of our model against all five state-of-the-art neural reading models shows that
Structural-Jump-LSTM achieves the best overall floating point operations (FLOP) reduction (hence is faster), while keeping the same accuracy or even improving it compared to a vanilla LSTM that reads the whole text.

Keywords: natural language processing, speed reading, recurrent neural network, classification

TL;DR: We propose a new model for neural speed reading that utilizes the inherent punctuation structure of a text to define effective jumping and skipping behavior.

Code: [ Varyn/Neural-Speed-Reading-with-Structural-Jump-LSTM](https://github.com/Varyn/Neural-Speed-Reading-with-Structural-Jump-LSTM)

Data: [AG News](https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/ag-news), [IMDb Movie Reviews](https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/imdb-movie-reviews), [SST](https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/sst)

Community Implementations: [ 1 code implementation](https://www.catalyzex.com/paper/arxiv:1904.00761/code)