Probing the “Creativity” of Large Language Models: Can models produce divergent semantic association?
Submission Type: Regular Short Paper
Submission Track: Theme Track: Large Language Models and the Future of NLP
Submission Track 2: Interpretability, Interactivity, and Analysis of Models for NLP
Keywords: Creativity, Semantic association, Text generation
TL;DR: Investigate the creative thinking of large language models using an objective measurement of semantic structure.
Abstract: Large language models possess remarkable capacity for processing language, but it remains unclear whether these models can further generate creative content. The present study aims to investigate the creative thinking of large language models through a cognitive perspective. We utilize the divergent association task (DAT), an objective measurement of creativity that asks models to generate unrelated words and calculates the semantic distance between them. We compare the results across different models and decoding strategies. Our findings indicate that: (1) When using the greedy search strategy, GPT-4 outperforms 96% of humans, while GPT-3.5-turbo exceeds the average human level. (2) Stochastic sampling and temperature scaling are effective to obtain higher DAT scores for models except GPT-4, but face a trade-off between creativity and stability. These results imply that advanced large language models have divergent semantic associations, which is a fundamental process underlying creativity.
Submission Number: 506
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