Label-specific multi-label text classification based on dynamic graph convolutional networks

Yaoyao Yan, Fang'ai Liu, Kenan Liu, Weizhi Xu, Xuqiang Zhuang

Abstract: Multi-label text classification is a key task in natural language processing, aiming to assign each text to multiple predefined categories simultaneously. Existing neural network models usually learn the same text representation for different labels, which limits the effectiveness of the models in capturing deep semantics and distinguishing between similar labels; moreover, these models tend to ignore inter-label correlation, leading to loss of information. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel label-specific dynamic graph convolutional network (LDGCN). This network combines convolutional operations and BiLSTM to model text sequences and obtains label-specific text representations through a label attention mechanism. In addition, LDGCN improves the dynamic graph convolutional network by utilizing statistical label co-occurrence and label reconstruction maps to effectively capture inter-label dependencies and adaptive interactions between label-specific semantic components. Extensive experiments on the RCV1, AAPD, and EUR-Lex datasets show that our model achieves 96.92%, 86.30%, and 81.42% on the P@1 metrics, respectively, and demonstrates a significant advantage in dealing with tail labels.