Align Your Prompts: Test-Time Prompting with Distribution Alignment for Zero-Shot Generalization

Published: 21 Sept 2023, Last Modified: 11 Jan 2024NeurIPS 2023 posterEveryoneRevisionsBibTeX
Keywords: Vision-Language models, Prompt Learning, Test-Time Adaptation
Abstract: The promising zero-shot generalization of vision-language models such as CLIP has led to their adoption using prompt learning for numerous downstream tasks. Previous works have shown test-time prompt tuning using entropy minimization to adapt text prompts for unseen domains. While effective, this overlooks the key cause for performance degradation to unseen domains -- distribution shift. In this work, we explicitly handle this problem by aligning the out-of-distribution (OOD) test sample statistics to those of the source data using prompt tuning. We use a single test sample to adapt multi-modal prompts at test time by minimizing the feature distribution shift to bridge the gap in the test domain. Evaluating against the domain generalization benchmark, our method improves zero-shot top-1 accuracy beyond existing prompt-learning techniques, with a 3.08% improvement over the baseline MaPLe. In cross-dataset generalization with unseen categories across 10 datasets, our method improves consistently across all datasets compared to the existing state-of-the-art. Our source code and models are available at [https://jameelhassan.github.io/promptalign](https://jameelhassan.github.io/promptalign)
Submission Number: 14199
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