Progressive Compression with Universally Quantized Diffusion Models

Yibo Yang, Justus Will, Stephan Mandt

Keywords: diffusion, generative modeling, compression, universal quantization

TL;DR: We improve practical compression with an unconditional diffusion model, proposing a new form of diffusion based on uniform noise instead of Gaussian noise.

Abstract: Diffusion probabilistic models have achieved mainstream success in many generative modeling tasks, from image generation to inverse problem solving. A distinct feature of these models is that they correspond to deep hierarchical latent variable models optimizing a variational evidence lower bound (ELBO) on the data likelihood. Drawing on a basic connection between likelihood modeling and compression, we explore the potential of diffusion models for progressive coding, resulting in a sequence of bits that can be incrementally transmitted and decoded with progressively improving reconstruction quality. Unlike prior work based on Gaussian diffusion or conditional diffusion models, we propose a new form of diffusion model with uniform noise in the forward process, whose negative ELBO corresponds to the end-to-end compression cost using universal quantization. We obtain promising first results on image compression, achieving competitive rate-distortion-realism results on a wide range of bit-rates with a single model, bringing neural codecs a step closer to practical deployment. Our code can be found at https://github.com/mandt-lab/uqdm.

Primary Area: generative models

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Submission Number: 11617