Scalable Double Blockchain Architecture for IoT Information and Reputation Management

Xin Hao, Phee Lep Yeoh, Tiantong Wu, Yao Yu, Yonghui Li, Branka Vucetic

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a decentralised double blockchain (DB) architecture for scalable, lightweight and secure Internet-of-Things (IoT) information and reputation management. We consider a heterogeneous cloud and fog IoT communication network where the information blockchain (IB) stores IoT data in the cloud layer due to limited storage resources in the fog layer and a lightweight reputation blockchain (RB) stores reputations in the fog layer to quickly identify the trust levels of IoT devices. Furthermore, we propose a fog layer DB node classification algorithm to improve the efficiency of IB and RB generation and RB storage in the fog layer. To improve security, we propose a mapping algorithm between the short RB and long IB to securely validate the reputation data based on corresponding IoT device data, and quickly identify malicious tampering of the DB. Experimental simulation results highlight the storage scalability, low latency propagation, and security of our DB architecture compared to conventional single blockchains.