Design and self-assembly of DNA into nanoscale 3D shapes

Shawn M. Douglas, Hendrik Dietz, Tim Liedl, Björn Högberg, Franziska Graf, Adam H. Marblestone, Surat Teerapittayanon, Alejandro Vazquez, George M. Church, William M. Shih

Abstract: We have developed a general method for solving a key challenge for nanotechnology: programmable self-assembly of complex, three-dimensional nanostructures [Douglas, Dietz, et al. 2009]. Previously, scaffolded DNA origami has been used to build arbitrary flat shapes 100 nm in diameter and almost twice the mass of a ribosome [Rothemund 2006]. Now we have succeeded in building custom three-dimensional structures that can be conceived as stacks of nearly flat layers of DNA. Successful extension from two dimensions to three dimensions in this way depended critically on calibration of folding conditions. A general capability for building complex, three-dimensional nanostructures will be of great interest to biologists, chemists, physicists, engineers, and computer scientists.